Evaluation of the effect of sputum suction depth calibration on the prevention of airway mucosal injury in elderly patients with mechanical ventilation
吸痰深度标定对预防老年机械通气患者气道黏膜损伤的效果评价

摘要

目的 探讨吸痰深度标定对预防老年机械通气患者气道黏膜损伤的效果。方法 回顾性分析2020年12月至2021年12月到我院就诊的47例机械通气老年患者的基础资料，按随机抽样分为对照组和观察组，对照组23例，为浅吸痰组，吸痰管进入导管后遇阻力往外提1cm，观察组24例，为深吸痰组，吸痰管进入导管后遇阻力往回提1cm，对比两组吸痰效果及气道黏膜损伤程度。结果 观察组气管插管后1日的气道黏膜损伤情况和CPIS评分无明显差异（P>0.05），在气管插管后3日、气管插管后5日，观察组HR、SBP、RR等心肺指标均高于对照组（P<0.05），气道黏膜损伤发生情况和CPIS评分均低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 吸痰深度标定可作为防止老年机械通气患者气道黏膜的一项指标，研究证明浅层吸痰效果好，患者无明显不良反应。

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of sputum suction depth calibration on the prevention of airway mucosal injury in elderly patients with mechanical ventilation.
Methods The basic data of 47 elderly patients with mechanical ventilation who visited our hospital from December 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group. After entering the catheter, the sputum suction tube was lifted 1 cm out when encountering resistance. The observation group of 24 cases was the deep suction group. After entering the catheter, the sputum suction tube was lifted back 1 cm when encountering resistance. The suction effect and the degree of airway mucosal damage were compared between the two groups.
Results There was no significant difference in the airway mucosal injury and CPIS score in the observation group on the 1st day after tracheal intubation (P>0.05). Cardiopulmonary indexes were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the incidence of airway mucosal injury and CPIS score were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   The sputum suction depth calibration can be used as an index to prevent the airway mucosa of elderly patients with mechanical ventilation. Studies have shown that the superficial sputum suction effect is good, and the patients have no obvious adverse reactions.