Influence of specimen hemolysis on the accuracy of biochemical test results
标本溶血对生化检验结果准确性的影响探究

摘要

目的 探究标本溶血对生化检验结果准确性的影响。方法 以2020年1月至2020年12月期间入我院接受健康体检的70名人员为分析对象。于清晨空腹状态下对所有受检者进行血液标本采集，采集完成后均等分装于2个试管内。将其中1个试管中的血液标本视为正常标本，另1个试管内的血液标本进行人为振荡和摇晃，使其发生溶血现象。选用全自动生化分析仪对正常标本和溶血标本进行相关指标的检测，指标包括总胆红素（TBIL）、直接胆红素（DBLL）、血肌酐（Scr）、三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、葡萄糖（GLU）、尿素（URE-A）、尿酸（UA）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、总蛋白（TP）、清蛋白（ALB）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、肌酸激酶（CK）、钾离子（K+）、尿素氮（BUN）、钙离子（Ca2+）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）。结果 血液标本发生溶血后，其TBIL、Scr、TG、GLU、URE-A、Ca2+水平低于正常标本，DBLL、TC、ALT、TP、ALB、AST、CK、K+水平高于正常标本，差异均存在统计学意义（P<0.05）；在UA、BUN、LDH等方面，正常标本与溶血标本的差异无显著性（P>0.05）。结论 标本溶血会对生化检验结果的准确性产生显著不利影响，导致部分指标出现明显异常。在实际的血液生化检验中，要及时采取有效正确的干预手段，尽可能降低标本溶血发生风险，为提高生化检验结果的准确性提供有利条件。

Abstract

Objective To explore the effect of specimen hemolysis on the accuracy of biochemical test results.
Methods: 70 people who were admitted to our hospital for health checkup from January 2020 to December 2020 were selected as the analysis objects. Blood samples were collected from all subjects in the early morning on an empty stomach, and were equally divided into 2 test tubes after the collection was completed. The blood sample in one of the test tubes was regarded as a normal sample, and the blood sample in the other test tube was artificially shaken and shaken to cause hemolysis. An automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect relevant indicators in normal and hemolyzed samples, including total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBLL), serum creatinine (Scr), triacylglycerol (TG), total Cholesterol (TC), glucose (GLU), urea (URE-A), uric acid (UA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), aspartate aminotransferase Enzyme (AST), creatine kinase (CK), potassium ion (K+), urea nitrogen (BUN), calcium ion (Ca2+), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).
Results: After hemolysis of blood samples, the levels of TBIL, Scr, TG, GLU, URE-A, and Ca2+ were lower than those of normal samples, and the levels of DBLL, TC, ALT, TP, ALB, AST, CK, and K+ were higher than those of normal samples. There was statistical significance (P<0.05); in terms of UA, BUN, LDH, etc., there was no significant difference between normal specimens and hemolyzed specimens (P>0.05).
Conclusion  : Specimen hemolysis will have a significant adverse effect on the accuracy of biochemical test results, resulting in obvious abnormalities in some indicators. In the actual blood biochemical test, effective and correct intervention methods should be taken in time to reduce the risk of hemolysis of the specimen as much as possible, and provide favorable conditions for improving the accuracy of biochemical test results.