International Journal of Clinical Research
International Journal of Clinical Research. 2021; 5: (4) ; 10.12208/j.ijcr.20210046 .
总浏览量: 1041
珙县人民医院 四川珙县
*通讯作者： 宗庆春,单位：珙县人民医院 四川珙县；
目的 了解珙县少数民族经济欠发达地区青少年视力状况,科学合理地开展视力保健工作，研究汉族与苗族近视发病率的差异性，为国家自然科研中国人种近视基因靶点位的研究提供基础研究。方法 采用标准对数视力表距离5 m分别检查单眼裸眼视力及矫正视力,对单眼或双眼远视力低于5.0者进行常规眼科检查,以排除因器质性疾病引起的视力低常。对珙县中学在校高中生1137人由同一个检查组在同一检查室进行检查。结果 汉族高中生近视发病率为71.11%，苗族高中生近视发病率为37.29%。汉族学生视力低常率远远高于苗族学生。汉族与苗族间的差异,有高度显著性。结论 汉族高中生的近视发病率显著高于苗族高中生，有必要对汉族与苗族学生的生活习性、学习习惯、遗传基因，尤其是对汉族与苗族的近视基因靶点位差异性进行对照研究。
Objective: To understand the vision status of adolescents in the economically underdeveloped ethnic minority areas of Gongxian County, to carry out vision care scientifically and rationally, to study the difference in the incidence of myopia between the Han and Miao nationalities, and to provide research on the target sites of myopia genes in the Chinese race of the National Natural Science Research Institute basic research. Method A standard logarithmic visual acuity chart distance of 5 m was used to check the uncorrected and corrected visual acuity of one eye, and routine ophthalmological examinations were performed for those with distance visual acuity of less than 5.0 in one or both eyes to rule out poor visual acuity caused by organic diseases. 1137 high school students in Gongxian Middle School were examined by the same inspection team in the same examination room. Results The incidence of myopia among Han high school students was 71.11%, and that of Miao high school students was 37.29%. The low vision rate of Han students is much higher than that of Miao students. The difference between the Han and Miao nationalities is highly significant. Conclusion The incidence of myopia among Han high school students is significantly higher than that of Miao high school students. It is necessary to compare the living habits, learning habits, genetic genes of Han and Miao students, especially the differences in target sites of myopia genes between Han and Miao ethnic groups. Research.
[1] FLITCROFT D I, HE M, JONAS J B, et al. IMI - Defining and Classifying Myopia: A Proposed Set of Standards for Clinical and Epidemiologic Studies [J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2019, 60(3): M20-M30.
[2] MORGAN I G, OHNO-MATSUI K, SAW S M. Myopia [J]. Lancet, 2012, 379(9827): 1739-48.
[3] HOLDEN B A, FRICKE T R, WILSON D A, et al. Global Prevalence of Myopia and High Myopia and Temporal Trends from 2000 through 2050 [J]. Ophthalmology, 2016, 123(5): 1036-42.
[4] RESNIKOFF S, PASCOLINIA D, MARIOTT S P, et al. Global magnitude of visual impairment caused by uncorrected refractive errors in 2004 [J]. B World Health Organ, 2008, 86(1): 63-70.
[5] HE M G, ZENG J W, LIU Y Z, et al. Refractive error and visual impairment in urban children in southern China [J]. Invest Ophth Vis Sci, 2004, 45(3): 793-9.
[6] HE M G, HUANG W Y, ZHENG Y F, et al. Refractive error and visual impairment in school children in rural southern China [J]. Ophthalmology, 2007, 114(2): 374-82.
[7] DONG Y H, LIU H B, WANG Z H, et al. [Prevalence of myopia and increase trend in children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in Han ethnic group in China, 2005-2014] [J]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi, 2017, 38(5): 583-7.
[8] SUN J T, AN M, YAN X B, et al. Prevalence and Related Factors for Myopia in School-Aged Children in Qingdao [J]. J Ophthalmol, 2018, 2018(9781987.
[9] MA Y, ZHANG X, HE F, et al. Visual impairment in rural and migrant Chinese school-going children: prevalence, severity, correction and associations [J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2020,
[10] SUN H P, LI A, XU Y, et al. Secular Trends of Reduced Visual Acuity From 1985 to 2010 and Disease Burden Projection for 2020 and 2030 Among Primary and Secondary School Students in China [J]. Jama Ophthalmol, 2015, 133(3): 262-8.
[11] PAN C W, DIRANI M, CHENG C Y, et al. The age-specific prevalence of myopia in Asia: a meta-analysis [J]. Optom Vis Sci, 2015, 92(3): 258-66.
[12] PAN C W, ZHENG Y F, ANUAR A R, et al. Prevalence of refractive errors in a multiethnic Asian population: the Singapore epidemiology of eye disease study [J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2013, 54(4): 2590-8.
[13] WANG M, CUI J, SHAN G, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of refractive error: a cross-sectional Study in Han and Yi adults in Yunnan, China [J]. BMC Ophthalmol, 2019, 19(1): 33.
[14] SHI Y M, WANG Y, CUI A Z, et al. Myopia prevalence and ocular biometry: a cross-sectional study among minority versus Han schoolchildren in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, China [J]. Eye, 2021,
[15] CONGDON N, WANG Y F, SONG Y, et al. Visual disability, visual function, and myopia among rural Chinese secondary school children: The Xichang Pediatric Refractive Error Study (X-PRES) - Report 1 [J]. Invest Ophth Vis Sci, 2008, 49(7): 2888-94.
[16] MA Y, CONGDON N, SHI Y J, et al. Effect of a Local Vision Care Center on Eyeglasses Use and School Performance in Rural China A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial [J]. Jama Ophthalmol, 2018, 136(7): 731-7.
[17] WILLIAMS W R, LATIF A H, HANNINGTON L, et al. Hyperopia and educational attainment in a primary school cohort [J]. Arch Dis Child, 2005, 90(2): 150-3.
[18] WOJCIECHOWSKI R. Nature and nurture: the complex genetics of myopia and refractive error [J]. Clin Genet, 2011, 79(4): 301-20.
[19] HU M, ZHOU Y, HUANG S S, et al. Population prevalence of myopia, glasses wear and free glasses acceptance among minority versus Han schoolchildren in China [J]. Plos One, 2019, 14(4):
[20] WANG X Q, HE H J, WANG X J, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of myopia in Han and Yugur older adults in Gansu, China: a cross-sectional study [J]. Sci Rep-Uk, 2020, 10(1):
[21] PAN C W, CHEN Q, SHENG X, et al. Ethnic Variations in Myopia and Ocular Biometry Among Adults in a Rural Community in China: The Yunnan Minority Eye Studies [J]. Invest Ophth Vis Sci, 2015, 56(5): 3235-41.