Summary of Health Examination Analysis and Interventions for Schoolchildren
幼儿园儿童健康体检分析及干预措施总结

摘要

目的：探究分析幼儿园儿童健康体检结果，并针对其中的问题提出科学合理的干预措施。方法：回顾性分析2019.01～2019.12本辖区幼儿园1533名儿童的健康体检资料，统计不同年龄段(3岁～、4岁～、5岁～、6岁～)营养状况(消瘦、超重、贫血、肥胖)及五官疾患情况(龋齿、视力不良)。结果：1533例儿童消瘦82例(5.35%)、超重73例(4.76%)、贫血64例(4.17%)、肥胖35例(2.28%)，不同年龄阶段儿童消瘦、超重、贫血、肥胖发生率对比均无显著差异(P＞0.05)；1533例儿童发生龋齿518例(33.79%)，其中3、4、5、6岁儿童龋齿发生率依次为9.14%、25.59%、35.45%、70.31%，各组间对比差异显著(P＜0.05)；1533例儿童发生视力不良47例(3.07%)，其中3、4、5、6岁儿童视力不良发生率依次为0.00%、1.17%、3.76%、8.13%，各组间对比差异显著(P＜0.05)。结论：幼儿园儿童存在营养状况不佳、五官疾患两个方面的问题，且随着儿童年龄的增长，龋齿和视力不良的情况越严重，故应将这两大问题作为重点，加强儿童卫生保健。

Abstract

Objective: To explore and analyze the results of preschool children's health physical examination, and to propose scientifically sound interventions for the problems.
Methods: The health examination data of 1533 children attending kindergartens in this jurisdiction from January 2019.01 to 2019.12 were retrospectively assessed for different age categories (3 years to, 4 years to, 5 years to, 6 years to) nutritional status (wasting, overweight, anaemia, obesity) and disorders of the five organs (dental caries, poor vision).
Results: 1533 children had 82 (5.35%) cases of emaciation, 73 (4.76%) cases of overweight, 64 (4.17%) cases of anemia, and 35 (2.28%) cases of obesity. There were no significant differences in the incidence of emaciation, overweight, anemia, or obesity among different age groups (P > 0.05;518 (33.79%) caries occurred in 1533 children, of whom 9.14%, 25.59%, 35.45%, 70.31% caries occurred in children aged 3, 4, 5 and 6 years, respectively, with significant differences between groups (P<0.05);A total of 47 (3.07%) of 1533 children developed poor visual acuity, which was in the order of 0.00%, 1.17%, 3.76%, 8.13% at 3, 4, 5, and 6 years old, with significant differences between groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion  s: Preschool children have problems with two aspects: poor nutrition and poor facial disorders, and as children get older, the more severe the dental caries and poor vision, so these two major problems should be focused on to enhance the child's health care.