Research on nursing countermeasures for postoperative infection prevention in patients with open fractures
开放性骨折患者术后感染预防的护理对策研究

摘要

目的 探讨标准化护理干预在开放性骨折患者术后感染预防中的应用效果及其对康复进程的影响，为临床护理提供循证依据。方法 选取2025年1月-2025年12月于本院接受开放性骨折手术的100例患者，采用随机数字表法分为干预组与对照组，各50例。干预组实施标准化术后感染预防护理，包括创面精细化护理、抗菌药物规范管理、健康宣教及病情动态监测；对照组仅给予常规术后护理。观察并比较两组术后感染发生率、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、疼痛程度及肢体功能恢复情况。结果 干预组术后感染发生率为10.00%，显著低于对照组的24.00%（P<0.05）；干预组住院时间（10.3±2.1）d、骨折愈合时间（8.2±1.3）周，均短于对照组（14.5±3.2）d、（11.1±2.5）周（P<0.05）；干预组术后疼痛VAS评分（3.2±1.1）分低于对照组（5.8±1.5）分，肢体功能恢复优良率（85.00%）高于对照组（68.00%），差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 标准化护理干预可有效降低开放性骨折患者术后感染发生率，缩短住院与骨折愈合时间，缓解术后疼痛，促进肢体功能恢复。该方案安全可行、易于实施，在术后感染高危人群中具有良好的推广价值。

Abstract

Objective To explore the application effect of standardized nursing intervention in preventing postoperative infection in patients with open fractures and its impact on the rehabilitation process, and to provide evidence-based basis for clinical nursing.
Methods 100 patients who underwent open fracture surgery in our hospital from January 2025 to December 2025 were selected and divided into the intervention group and the control group by random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. The intervention group received standardized postoperative infection prevention nursing, including meticulous wound care, standardized management of antibacterial drugs, health education and dynamic monitoring of the condition; the control group only received routine postoperative care. The postoperative infection rate, hospital stay, fracture healing time, pain degree and limb function recovery of the two groups were observed and compared.
Results The postoperative infection rate of the intervention group was 10.00%, significantly lower than 24.00% of the control group (P<0.05); the hospital stay (10.3±2.1) days and fracture healing time (8.2±1.3) weeks of the intervention group were shorter than (14.5±3.2) days and (11.1±2.5) weeks of the control group (P<0.05); the postoperative pain VAS score of the intervention group (3.2±1.1) points was lower than that of the control group (5.8±1.5) points, and the excellent rate of limb function recovery (85.00%) was higher than that of the control group (68.00%), with statistically significant differences (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Standardized nursing intervention can effectively reduce the postoperative infection rate of patients with open fractures, shorten hospital stay and fracture healing time, relieve postoperative pain, and promote limb function recovery. This scheme is safe and feasible, easy to implement, and has good promotion value in high-risk groups of postoperative infection.