The impact of radial ultrasound bone density monitoring on the risk factors of falls in stroke patients
经桡超声骨密度监测对卒中患者跌倒风险因素的影响

摘要

目的 探讨经桡超声骨密度监测在评估老年卒中患者跌倒风险中的临床价值，明确骨密度与跌倒风险的相关性。方法 回顾性分析2025年1月-5月本院神经内科收治的85例老年卒中恢复期患者的临床资料，观察经桡超声骨密度检测指标及跌倒风险评估结果，根据经桡超声骨密度检测结果分为骨密度正常组与骨密度减低（骨质疏松）组，对比两组患者跌倒风险相关指标的差异，并分析骨密度与跌倒风险系数的相关性。结果 本研究纳入的85例患者中，骨密度正常组共23例，骨密度减低组共62例。跌倒风险相关指标对比可见，骨密度减低组MORSE跌倒风险评分、骨密度减低组跌倒风险系数显著高于骨密度正常组（P<0.05）。经Pearson相关性分析结果显示，本次纳入的85例老年卒中恢复期患者，经桡超声骨密度仪对患者桡骨部位骨密度T值与跌倒风险系数呈显著负相关（r=-0.387，P<0.001）。结论 老年卒中恢复期患者骨密度水平与跌倒风险呈显著负相关，骨密度减低者跌倒风险明显升高，将骨密度监测纳入跌倒风险评估体系，可为临床制定个体化跌倒预防策略提供实用参考依据。

Abstract

Objective To explore the clinical value of radial ultrasound bone density monitoring in evaluating the risk factors of falls in elderly stroke patients and to clarify the correlation between bone density and fall risk.
Methods The clinical data of 85 elderly stroke patients in the neurology department of our hospital from January to May 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. The radial ultrasound bone density detection indicators and fall risk assessment results were observed. According to the radial ultrasound bone density detection results, the patients were divided into the normal bone density group and the bone density reduction (osteoporosis) group. The differences in fall risk-related indicators between the two groups were compared, and the correlation between bone density and fall risk coefficient was analyzed.
Results Among the 85 patients included in this study, the normal bone density group consisted of 23 cases, and the bone density reduction group consisted of 62 cases. The comparison of fall risk-related indicators showed that the MORSE fall risk score and the fall risk coefficient of the bone density reduction group were significantly higher than those of the normal bone density group (P < 0.05). The Pearson correlation analysis results showed that the radial ultrasound bone density instrument detected the T value of bone density at the radial bone site of the patients and the fall risk coefficient of the 85 elderly stroke recovery patients included in this study were significantly negatively correlated (r = -0.387, P < 0.001).
Conclusion   The bone density level of elderly stroke recovery patients is significantly negatively correlated with the fall risk. Patients with reduced bone density have a significantly higher fall risk. Incorporating bone density monitoring into the fall risk assessment system can provide practical reference for clinical formulation of individualized fall prevention strategies.