Evaluation of the application effect of an individualized discharge guidance program on discharge readiness for pediatric patients undergoing total ear reconstruction
构建全耳再造患儿个体化出院指导方案对出院准备度的应用效果评价

摘要

目的 全耳再造术是矫正小儿先天性耳廓畸形的核心整形术式，患儿术后恢复期长、家庭护理要求高，家属护理认知不足极易引发并发症，降低出院准备水平。为提升全耳再造患儿术后出院准备度，改善家庭延续性护理质量，本研究构建个体化出院指导方案。方法 选取本院86例全耳再造手术患儿为研究对象，随机分为对照组与观察组各43例，对照组采用常规出院指导，观察组实施个体化出院指导方案，对比两组患儿家属出院准备度、护理认知水平及术后并发症发生情况。结果 观察组出院准备度各维度评分显著高于对照组，术后并发症发生率低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 个体化出院指导方案可有效提升全耳再造患儿家属出院准备能力，降低术后风险，保障患儿术后康复效果，具备临床推广价值。

Abstract

Objective Total ear reconstruction is the core plastic surgery procedure for correcting congenital auricular deformities in children. These patients require a long postoperative recovery period and high standards of home care; insufficient understanding of care requirements among family members can easily lead to complications and reduce the level of discharge readiness. To enhance discharge readiness and improve the quality of home-based transitional care for these patients, this study developed an individualized discharge guidance program.
Methods Eighty-six pediatric patients undergoing total ear reconstruction at our hospital were selected and randomly assigned to either a control group or an observation group (n=43 each). The control group received routine discharge guidance, while the observation group received the individualized discharge guidance program. We compared the discharge readiness, level of care-related knowledge, and incidence of postoperative complications between the families of patients in the two groups.
Results The observation group scored significantly higher across all dimensions of discharge readiness and had a lower incidence of postoperative complications compared to the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   The individualized discharge guidance program effectively enhances the discharge readiness of family members, reduces postoperative risks, and ensures optimal postoperative recovery outcomes for pediatric patients undergoing total ear reconstruction, making it worthy of clinical promotion.