A study on a preventive nursing protocol for perioperative deep vein thrombosis in surgical reduction of closed tibia and fibula fractures
闭合性胫腓骨骨折手术复位围术期深静脉血栓的预防性护理路径探讨

摘要

目的 探讨融合多护理理念的精细化预防性护理路径在闭合性胫腓骨骨折手术复位围术期预防下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）的应用效果。方法 选取2024年7月-2025年12月收治的132例闭合性胫腓骨骨折手术复位患者，按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组（各66例）。对照组行骨科常规围术期护理，观察组在常规护理基础上采用预防性护理路径。对比两组围术期凝血功能、并发症发生率及生活质量。结果 观察组血浆纤维蛋白原（FIB）、D-二聚体（D-D）水平显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组DVT、下肢肿胀、疼痛发生率均显著低于对照组（P<0.05），生活质量优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 预防性护理路径能有效改善闭合性胫腓骨骨折患者围术期凝血功能，降低DVT发生率，提高患者生活质量。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the efficacy of a refined preventive care pathway integrating multiple nursing concepts in preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the perioperative period following surgical reduction of closed tibial and fibular fractures.
Methods A total of 132 patients admitted to our Hospital between July 2024 and December 2025 for surgical reduction of closed tibiofibular fractures were selected and randomly assigned to a control group and an observation group (66 patients in each group). The control group received routine perioperative orthopedic care, while the observation group received a prophylactic care protocol in addition to routine care. Perioperative coagulation function, complication rates, and quality of life were compared between the two groups.
Results Plasma fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer (D-D) levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05); the incidence of DVT, lower limb swelling, and pain in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and quality of life was superior to that in the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   The preventive care pathway effectively improves perioperative coagulation function in patients with closed tibiofibular fractures, reduces the incidence of DVT, and enhances patients’ quality of life.