Geriatric Medicine and Chronic Disease Management
Geriatric Medicine and Chronic Disease Management. 2026; 1: (1) ; 10.12208/j.gmcdm.20260004 .
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1京都药科大学健康与运动科学系 日本
2金泽大学人文社会科学学院 日本
3大阪府立大学人文科学与全球教育学部 日本
*通讯作者： Yoshinori Nagasawa,单位：京都药科大学健康与运动科学系 日本; ；
本研究旨在检验一种新型测试的可靠性，该测试用于评估中老年人在不稳定站立姿势下，前后或左右移动时的平衡能力、性别差异以及各项评估参数，并测量接触时间、总接触时间及其相互关系。受试者为31名日本人（17名男性：平均年龄61.8岁，标准差8.3；14名女性：平均年龄56.9岁，标准差9.6）。受试者被要求在新型设备的平板上保持稳定的站立姿势1分钟，期间不得接触接触感应板的边缘。该设备会在受试者站立时使平板前后或左右倾斜，并测量接触时间和接触板边缘的时间。在前后或左右两种移动方向下，受试者分别进行一次练习后，进行两次测试，两次测试间隔1分钟。每次接触时间（总接触时间/接触次数）被用作评估参数。在前后和左右两个方向上，评估参数、接触时间和总接触时间在不同试验间均无显著差异。两个方向的组内相关系数（ICC）均≥0.7。双因素方差分析显示，性别和方向条件对评估参数和总接触时间均无显著交互作用或主效应。虽然接触时间未发现显著交互作用，但性别的主效应显著。事后检验表明，在前后和左右两个方向上，男性的评估参数值和效应量（Cohen’s d：前后方向：1.21，左右方向：1.27）均高于女性。相关性分析显示，男性和女性在前后和左右方向的评估参数之间均存在较高的相关性（男性：r = 0.71，女性：r = 0.80）。总之，这项新的平衡能力测试在中老年人群中具有较高的信度，且评估参数未显示出性别差异或前后/左右移动幅度上的差异。前后/左右方向的参数之间在两性中均具有高度相关性。
This study aimed to examine the reliability of a new test that evaluates differences in balance ability, sex, and evaluation parameters when moving in the back/forth or left/right direction, as well as contact times, total contact time, and their relations during an unstable standing posture in middle-aged and older people. The participants were 31 Japanese individuals (17 men: mean age, 61.8 years; standard deviation (SD) = 8.3; 14 women: mean age, 56.9 years; SD = 9.6). They were instructed to maintain a stable standing posture for 1 minute on the plate of the new device without contacting the edge of a contact-sensing plate. This device leans the plate either back/forth or left/right when standing on the plate and can measure times and their time of contact with the plate edge. The test was performed twice with a 1-minute interval after one practice trial in either condition (back/forth or left/right direction). The time per contact (total contact time/contact times) was used as an evaluation parameter. Insignificant differences were found between trials in evaluation parameters, contact times, and total contact time in both back/forth and left/right directions. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were ≥0.7 in both directions. A two-way analysis of variance showed insignificant interaction or main effects of sex and direction conditions for the evaluation parameter and the total contact time. Although no significant interaction was found for contact times, a significant main effect was found for sex. The post hoc test showed that men had higher values and larger effect sizes (Cohen’s d back/forth: 1.21, left/right: 1.27) than women in both back/forth and left/right directions. A correlation analysis showed relatively high correlations between back/forth and left/right direction evaluation parameters in both sexes (Men: r = 0.71, Women: r = 0.80). In conclusion, this new balance ability test has a high reliability in middle-aged and older people, and the evaluation parameter does not indicate sex differences or differences in the amount of back/forth and left/right movement. The relations between the parameters of back/forth and left/right directions are high in both sexes.
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