Performance evaluation of a novel IoT-based power supply and distribution device for coal preparation plants
基于物联网的实用新型选煤供配电装置性能评价研究

摘要

针对选煤厂传统低压供配电装置依赖人工停送电、MNS抽屉柜物理隔离需现场操作、运行状态感知不足及高粉尘环境适应性弱等问题，研发基于物联网的实用新型选煤供配电装置，构建由状态感知、工业通信、可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）控制、远程执行、安全联锁与可视化管理组成的一体化装置体系，并建立执行性能、控制性能、安全性能、可靠性能、环境适应性及应用效能六维评价方法。工业试运行结果表明：往复式电能隔离机构执行距离为30～80 mm，电动操作机构寿命不低于2万次，断路器分/合闸时间为0.7～1.3 s，智能控制器故障概率低于0.1%；MNS抽屉单次推拉由人工约90 s缩短至远程自动15 s以内，操作成功率达到100%，系统无故障运行时间不低于99.9%，数据查询响应时间不超过1.5 s。装置应用后停送电操作耗时缩短40%以上、设备故障停机时间减少50%、维护效率提高30%，吨煤电耗由2.96 kW·h/t降至2.51 kW·h/t。结果表明，该装置能够在保证物理隔离和防误联锁的基础上提高选煤厂供配电操作效率、运行可靠性与数字化管理水平，可为同类工业低压配电装备的选型、采购和智能化改造提供参考。

Abstract

To address manual power switching, on-site physical isolation of MNS drawers, insufficient condition awareness and poor environmental adaptability of conventional low-voltage power-distribution devices in coal preparation plants, a novel IoT-based power supply and distribution device was developed. The device integrates condition sensing, industrial communication, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) control, remote actuation, safety interlocking and visual management. A six-dimensional evaluation method covering actuation, control, safety, reliability, environmental adaptability and application efficiency was established. Industrial trials showed that the reciprocating electrical isolation mechanism had an execution distance of 30-80 mm, the electric operating mechanism had a service life of at least 20,000 operations, and breaker opening/closing time was 0.7-1.3 s. The failure probability of the intelligent controller was below 0.1%. A single MNS drawer operation was shortened from about 90 s manually to less than 15 s automatically, with a 100% success rate. System uptime was at least 99.9% and the data-query response time was within 1.5 s. After application, power-switching operation time decreased by more than 40%, equipment-failure downtime decreased by 50%, maintenance efficiency increased by 30%, and specific electricity consumption decreased from 2.96 to 2.51 kW·h/t. The device improves operating efficiency, reliability and digital management while maintaining physical isolation and anti-misoperation interlocking, and can provide a reference for equipment selection, procurement and intelligent retrofit of similar industrial low-voltage distribution systems.