A GTVH-based study on humor loss in subtitling: A case study of the Chinese-English subtitles of The Big Bang Theory
基于GTVH理论的字幕翻译幽默损耗研究——以《生活大爆炸》中英字幕为例

摘要

幽默损耗是影视字幕翻译的核心难题。本文以GTVH理论为框架，以《生活大爆炸》中英字幕为语料，采用案例分析法，系统考察字幕幽默损耗的类型与成因。研究发现，语言层（LA）是幽默损耗的首要突破口；结构性不可译、系统性削弱、文化性不可译与主体性失误构成从客观限制到主观选择的连续谱系。据此，本文提出语域标记保留、文化专有项层级补偿及角色声音译者自律等优化策略，为情景喜剧字幕翻译提供参考。

Abstract

Humor loss constitutes a central challenge in audiovisual subtitling. Framed within the General Theory of Verbal Humor (GTVH) and based on a case analysis of the Chinese and English subtitles of The Big Bang Theory, this study systematically examines the types and causes of humor loss in subtitling. The findings reveal that the Language (LA) parameter serves as the primary locus of humor attrition. A continuum from objective constraints to subjective choices is identified, encompassing structural untranslatability, systemic attenuation, cultural untranslatability, and translator subjectivity errors. Accordingly, this paper proposes optimizing strategies including retention of register markers, tiered compensation for culture-specific items, and self-discipline in rendering character-specific voices, with a view to offering practical references for sitcom subtitling practices.