The practical dilemmas and transcendence of spiritual communication between teachers and students in universities from the perspective of Jaspers’ philosophy
雅斯贝尔斯哲学视角下高校师生精神交往的现实困境与超越

摘要

高校师生精神交往是引领教育本真回归的必然途径，是实现学术共同体真理追求的必要条件，也是促进师生教育情感表达的重要纽带。当前，高校师生精神交往面临诸多现实困境：“师道尊严”的观念根深蒂固，影响“我与你”的自由对话；功利取向的交往目的日益渗透，消解师生精神交往的价值根基；“现身说教”对话方式的历史惯性，忽视师生精神共鸣的实现途径。为此，有必要重塑“我与你”的平等主体间关系，敞亮师生的精神世界；改进功利主义的交往目的导向，澄明师生的本真交往；建构灵活多样的交往方式，涵养师生的精神共鸣，从而实现“教育本质上的灵魂唤醒与精神对话”。

Abstract

Spiritual interaction between teachers and students in universities is an inevitable path to lead the return of the essence of education, a necessary condition for realizing the pursuit of truth in the academic community, and an important bond for promoting the expression of educational emotions between teachers and students. Currently, the practical dilemmas faced by the spiritual interaction between teachers and students in universities are mainly reflected in: the deeply rooted concept of “teacher’s dignity,” which affects the free dialogue of “I-Thou”; the increasing infiltration of utilitarian interaction, which dissolves the value foundation of spiritual interaction between teachers and students; and the historical inertia of the “preaching” dialogue mode, which ignores the realization of spiritual resonance between teachers and students. Therefore, it is necessary to reshape the equal inter-subjective relationship of “I-Thou” to open up the spiritual worlds of teachers and students; correct the utilitarian orientation of purposes to clarify the authentic interaction between teachers and students; and establish flexible and diverse interaction modes to cultivate the spiritual resonance between teachers and students, so as to realize the “education is essentially the awakening of the soul and spiritual dialogue”.