A survey on the current status of nurses’ humanistic care capabilities in western China
西部地区护士人文关怀能力现况调查

摘要

目的 调查青海省综合医院注册护士的人文关怀能力现状，并分析其在人口学与职业特征上的差异，为制定针对性的护理人文关怀培训策略提供实证依据。方法 采用横断面研究设计，于2024年2月至4月，从青海省5家综合医院招募2,980名注册护士为研究对象。通过问卷星平台，采用关怀能力量表（CAI）进行评估，总分范围37~259分，得分越高代表人文关怀能力越强。采用描述性统计、t检验、方差分析、非参数检验进行数据分析，显著性水平α=0.05；结果 2,929名护士中，女性占95.36%（2,793人），年龄31~39岁者占59.74%（1,750人），本科学历占90.00%（2,636人），已婚者占76.92%（2,253人）；人文关怀能力总分（200±33.10）分，得分率（实际得分/最高可能得分×100%）为77%。各维度得分及得分率分别为：认知维度（63.68±8.76）分，得分率83%；勇气维度（52.55±9.30）分，得分率77%；耐心维度（58.48±9.55）分，得分率76%。不同特征护士在各维度得分上存在显著差异（P<0.05），其中，性别、年龄、工作年限、婚姻状况、护士层级、职称在认知维度上差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；年龄、工作年限、婚姻状况、子女情况、职称、职务在勇气维度上差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；年龄、工作年限、婚姻状况、子女情况、护士层级、职称、职务在耐心维度上差异有统计学意义；学历、民族、科室在各维度上差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；结论 青海省综合医院注册护士的人文关怀能力总体处于中等水平，其中勇气和耐心维度得分相对较低，是未来培训的重点方向。不同人口学与职业特征护士的人文关怀能力存在显著差异，管理者应关注低年资、未婚、无子女及低层级护士群体，制定分层、多维度的关怀能力提升干预措施。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the current situation of humanistic care ability of registered nurses in general hospitals in Qinghai Province, and analyze the differences in demographic and occupational characteristics, so as to provide empirical evidence for formulating targeted training strategies for nursing humanistic care.
Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted. From February to April 2024, 2,980 registered nurses were recruited from 5 general hospitals in Qinghai Province as the research subjects. Through the Wenjuanxing platform, the assessment was conducted using the Care Ability Scale (CAI), with a total score range of 37 to 259 points. The higher the score, the stronger the humanistic care ability. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, analysis of variance or non-parametric tests were used for data analysis, with a significance level of α=0.05.
Results Among the 2,929 nurses, 95.36% (2,793) were female, 59.74% (1,750) were aged 31 to 39, 90.00% (2,636) had a bachelor's degree, and 76.92% (2,253) were married. The total score of humanistic care ability was (200±33.10) points, and the scoring rate (actual score/highest possible score ×100%) was 77%. The scores and score rates of each dimension were as follows: Cognitive dimension (63.68±8.76) points, score rate 83%; The dimension of courage was (52.55±9.30) points, with a scoring rate of 77%. The patience dimension was (58.48±9.55) points, with a scoring rate of 76%. There were significant differences in the scores of nurses with different characteristics in each dimension (P<0.05). Among them, there were statistically significant differences in the cognitive dimension in terms of gender, age, working years, marital status, nurse level, and professional title (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the dimension of courage in terms of age, working years, marital status, children's situation, professional title and position (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the dimension of patience in terms of age, working years, marital status, children's situation, nurse level, professional title and position. There was no statistically significant difference in educational background, ethnicity and department in each dimension (P>0.05).
Conclusion   The humanistic care ability of registered nurses in general hospitals of Qinghai Province is generally at a medium level. Among them, the scores of the dimensions of courage and patience are relatively low, which are the key directions for future training. There are significant differences in the humanistic care capabilities of nurses with different demographic and occupational characteristics. Managers should pay attention to the groups of junior, unmarried, childless and low-level nurses, and formulate stratified and multi-dimensional intervention measures for improving care capabilities.