The impact of preventive nursing interventions on catheter infections and quality of life in peritoneal dialysis patients
预防性护理干预对腹膜透析患者导管感染及生活质量的影响

摘要

目的 探讨预防性护理干预在腹膜透析患者中的应用效果，分析其对患者导管感染发生率及生活质量的影响，为临床腹膜透析患者的护理方案优化提供参考依据。方法 选取我院肾内科2024年1月至2025年1月收治的30例维持性腹膜透析患者作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组，每组各15例。对照组患者实施腹膜透析常规护理，观察组患者在常规护理基础上给予针对性预防性护理干预，对比两组护理效果。结果 观察组导管感染发生率显著低于对照组，（P＜0.05）；干预前两组患者KDQOL-SF各维度评分及总分比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），干预后两组评分均较干预前提升，且观察组各维度评分及总分均显著高于对照组，（P＜0.05）；观察组护理满意度高于对照组，（P＜0.05）。结论 对腹膜透析患者实施全面、系统的预防性护理干预，可有效降低导管相关感染发生率，减少感染带来的治疗风险，同时显著改善患者生理、心理及社会功能等方面的生活质量，提升患者护理依从性与满意度，值得在临床推广应用。

Abstract

Objective To explore the application effect of preventive nursing interventions in peritoneal dialysis patients, analyze their impact on catheter infection rates and quality of life, and provide reference for optimizing clinical nursing plans for peritoneal dialysis patients.
Methods A total of 30 maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients admitted to the Department of Nephrology of our hospital from January 2024 to January 2025 were selected as research subjects. They were divided into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method, with 15 cases in each group. The control group received routine peritoneal dialysis nursing, while the observation group received targeted preventive nursing interventions on the basis of routine nursing. The nursing effects of the two groups were compared.
Results The catheter infection rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in KDQOL-SF scores across all dimensions and total scores between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05). After intervention, the scores of both groups were higher than before intervention, and the scores across all dimensions and total score of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   Implementing comprehensive and systematic preventive nursing interventions for peritoneal dialysis patients can effectively reduce the incidence of catheter-related infections, reduce treatment risks caused by infections, and significantly improve patients' quality of life in terms of physical, psychological, and social functions. It also enhances patient nursing compliance and satisfaction, and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.