Review of research progress in diagnosis and treatment of chronic cervicitis
慢性宫颈炎的诊断及治疗研究进展综述

摘要

慢性宫颈炎是妇科临床常见的生殖道慢性炎症，好发于育龄女性，具有病程长、易复发、症状隐匿等特点，长期炎症状态与人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）持续感染、宫颈上皮内瘤变及宫颈癌的发生密切相关。近年来，随着阴道微生态理论、病原学检测技术、微创治疗手段及健康管理理念的不断发展，慢性宫颈炎的诊疗模式发生显著转变。本文从疾病认知、诊断方法、治疗策略、临床护理等方面对慢性宫颈炎的研究进展进行综述，指出现代诊疗已从传统形态学判断、经验性治疗逐步转向精准诊断、个体化治疗、微生态调节及全程化管理，同时强调规范化护理在促进康复、预防复发中的重要作用。

Abstract

Chronic cervicitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the reproductive tract in gynecological clinic, which mainly affects women of childbearing age. It is characterized by a long course, easy recurrence and insidious symptoms. Long-term inflammatory status is closely associated with persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and the occurrence of cervical cancer. In recent years, with the continuous development of vaginal microecology theory, etiological detection technology, minimally invasive treatment methods and health management concepts, the diagnosis and treatment model of chronic cervicitis has undergone significant changes. This article reviews the research progress of chronic cervicitis from the aspects of disease cognition, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies and clinical nursing, pointing out that modern diagnosis and treatment have gradually shifted from traditional morphological judgment and empirical treatment to precise diagnosis, individualized treatment, microecological regulation and whole-course management. It also emphasizes the important role of standardized nursing in promoting rehabilitation and preventing recurrence.