Application of an artificial intelligence-assisted decision support system in volume management and dry weight assessment for hemodialysis patients
人工智能辅助下的血液透析患者容量管理与干体重评估决策支持系统应用

摘要

目的 探讨人工智能（AI）辅助决策支持系统在血液透析患者容量管理与干体重评估中的应用价值。方法 前瞻性选取2024年6月至2025年12月在本院接受维持性血液透析的18例患者，随机分为观察组（AI辅助决策支持系统+常规管理，n=9）与对照组（常规管理，n=9），连续治疗6个月。比较两组干体重评估准确性、容量管理指标、实验室指标及不良反应。结果 观察组干体重评估符合率高于对照组，透析间期体质量增长率低于对照组（P<0.05）；治疗后，观察组血红蛋白、血钙水平高于对照组，血磷、血肌酐、尿素氮、甲状旁腺激素水平低于对照组，Kt/V高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组透析中低血压、肌肉痉挛发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 AI辅助决策支持系统可提高血液透析患者干体重评估准确性，优化容量管理，改善实验室指标，降低不良反应风险。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the application value of an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted decision support system in volume management and dry weight assessment for patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Methods A total of 18 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis in our hospital from June 2024 to December 2025 were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to an observation group (AI-assisted decision support system plus conventional management, n=9) and a control group (conventional management alone, n=9). All patients received continuous treatment for six months. The two groups were compared in terms of dry weight assessment accuracy, volume management-related indicators, laboratory parameters, and adverse events.
Results The observation group had a higher rate of accurate dry weight assessment and a lower rate of inter-dialytic weight gain compared with the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the observation group showed higher levels of hemoglobin and serum calcium, lower levels of serum phosphorus, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and intact parathyroid hormone, and a higher Kt/V value compared with the control group (all P<0.05). The incidence of intradialytic hypotension and muscle cramps was lower in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   The AI-assisted decision support system can improve the accuracy of dry weight assessment, optimize volume management, enhance relevant laboratory parameters, and reduce the risk of adverse events in hemodialysis patients.