Analysis of risk factors for pediatric intravenous catheter care and countermeasures
儿科静脉留置针护理风险因素分析及对策

摘要

目的 对儿科静脉留置针应用相关临床资料进行回顾性分析，明确护理工作中存在的风险因素，总结针对性防范对策，为降低并发症发生率、提升儿科静脉治疗护理质量提供参考依据。方法 回顾性分析2024年10月-2025年10月儿科收治并接受静脉留置针穿刺输液治疗的100例患儿临床资料，整理患儿年龄、性别、穿刺部位、留置时间、护理操作情况及并发症发生情况，对护理风险因素进行归纳、统计与分析。结果 100例患儿中，共发生静脉炎、液体渗漏、导管堵塞、意外脱管、穿刺点感染等并发症14例，总发生率为14.00%。经回顾性分析显示，患儿年龄偏小、血管条件不佳、配合度差、固定方式不规范、冲封管操作不标准、巡视观察不到位及家属照护知识不足是主要护理风险因素。结论 儿科静脉留置针护理风险因素较为突出，通过回顾性分析明确高危环节，并实施系统化护理对策，可有效降低并发症发生率，提高静脉治疗安全性与护理服务质量。

Abstract

Objective To conduct a retrospective analysis of the clinical data related to the application of pediatric venous indwelling needles, identify the risk factors in nursing work, summarize targeted preventive measures, and provide a reference basis for reducing the incidence of complications and improving the quality of pediatric venous treatment nursing.
Methods The clinical data of 100 children admitted to the pediatric department and undergoing venous indwelling needle puncture and infusion treatment from October 2024 to October 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. The age, gender, puncture site, indwelling time, nursing operation conditions, and occurrence of complications of the children were sorted out. The risk factors of nursing were summarized and statistically analyzed.
Results Among the 100 children, a total of 14 complications such as phlebitis, fluid leakage, catheter blockage, accidental dislodgement, and puncture site infection occurred, with a total incidence rate of 14.00%. The retrospective analysis showed that the main nursing risk factors were the children's younger age, poor vascular condition, poor cooperation, non-standard fixation methods, non-standard flushing and sealing procedures, inadequate rounds and observation, and insufficient knowledge of family members in care.
Conclusion   The nursing risk factors for pediatric venous indwelling needles are relatively prominent. Through retrospective analysis, the high-risk links were identified, and systematic nursing countermeasures were implemented, which can effectively reduce the incidence of complications and improve the safety and quality of pediatric venous treatment nursing.