The formation mechanism and competitive advantages of industrial chain clusters: a theoretical review and research frontier
产业链集群的形成机制与竞争优势：理论综述与研究前沿

摘要

产业链集群是产业组织与地理集聚深度融合的载体，近年来成为产业经济学研究的重点领域。本文从理论渊源、形成机制、组织结构和竞争优势四个维度，系统梳理产业链集群的相关文献。从马歇尔外部经济与波特集群理论出发，整合交易成本、新经济地理学与全球价值链的分析框架，总结要素共享、垂直联系、知识溢出与模块化生产等形成机制，分析纵向一体化与网络治理并存的内部结构，并评述成本效率、创新驱动和韧性适应三个维度的竞争优势研究。最后指出微观动态演化、数字化冲击与韧性治理精细化等有待拓展的方向。

Abstract

Industrial chain clusters are carriers of deep integration between industrial organization and geographical agglomeration, and have become a key area of research in industrial economics in recent years. This article systematically reviews relevant literature on industrial chain clusters from four dimensions: theoretical origins, formation mechanisms, organizational structure, and competitive advantages. Starting from Marshall's external economy and Porter’s cluster theory, this paper integrates the analytical framework of transaction costs, new economic geography, and global value chains, summarizes the formation mechanisms of factor sharing, vertical connections, knowledge spillovers, and modular production, analyzes the internal structure of vertical integration and network governance coexisting, and evaluates the research on competitive advantages in three dimensions: cost efficiency, innovation drive, and resilience adaptation. Finally, it points out the directions that need to be expanded, such as micro dynamic evolution, digital impact, and refined resilience governance.