Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering
Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering. 2026; 3: (1) ; 10.12208/j.pnge.20260002 .
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1西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室 四川成都
2天府永兴实验室油气绿色开发研究所 四川成都
3中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司海洋采油厂 山东东营
*通讯作者： 靳星,单位：天府永兴实验室油气绿色开发研究所 四川成都; ；
南充地区侏罗系凉高山组是四川盆地页岩油勘探开发的重点层系，但目前针对该层系原油物性与采出水特征的基础数据匮乏，制约了配套工艺设计与高效开发。采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪和离子色谱等手段，系统研究了凉高山组页岩油的密度、粘度、元素及结构组成，以及采出水的矿化度、离子组成等特征。结果表明：原油密度为0.8967 g/cm³（50℃），粘度随温度升高而降低，70℃后趋于稳定（5.67 mPa·s）；原油中C6~C32正构烷烃占总组成的56.65%，其中碳数大于C16的正构烷烃占正构烷烃的58.9%，此外还含有17.55%的苯类和9.68%的醚类；采出水矿化度高达361945 mg/L，主要离子为Cl⁻、Na⁺和Ca²⁺，水型为氯化钙型。上述结果明确了凉高山组页岩油是以高碳数正构烷烃为主、富含苯和醚的复杂有机混合物，其粘温敏感性与各组分熔点相吻合；采出水的高矿化度及离子特征指示了储层丰富的盐资源。通过定性与定量分析，系统获取了该区页岩油与采出水的关键基础数据，为后续清防蜡工艺、人工举升、压裂液配伍及储层保护等配套工艺设计提供了重要理论依据。
The Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation in the Nanchong area is a key target interval for shale oil exploration and development in the Sichuan Basin. However, the current scarcity of fundamental data on crude oil properties and produced water characteristics for this interval constrains the design of supporting process technologies and efficient development. By employing gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and ion chromatography (IC), this study systematically investigated the density, viscosity, elemental and structural compositions of the Lianggaoshan shale oil, as well as the total dissolved solids (TDS) and ionic composition of the produced water. The results indicate that: the crude oil has a density of 0.8967 g/cm³ at 50 °C; its viscosity decreases with increasing temperature and stabilizes at 5.67 mPa·s after 70 °C. The n-alkanes ranging from C6 to C32 account for 56.65% of the total composition, among which those with carbon numbers greater than C16 constitute 58.9% of the total n-alkanes. In addition, the oil contains 17.55% benzenes and 9.68% ethers. The produced water exhibits a high total dissolved solids (TDS) content of 361,945 mg/L, with Cl⁻, Na⁺, and Ca²⁺ as the dominant ions, and the water type is classified as calcium chloride type. The above results indicate that the Lianggaoshan Formation shale oil is a complex organic mixture dominated by high-carbon-number n-alkanes and enriched in benzenes and ethers, and its viscosity-temperature sensitivity is consistent with the melting points of its various components. The high total dissolved solids and ionic characteristics of the produced water point to abundant salt resources within the reservoir. Through qualitative and quantitative analyses, the key fundamental data for both the shale oil and produced water in this area have been systematically acquired, providing a crucial theoretical basis for the subsequent design of supporting process technologies, including wax removal and inhibition, artificial lift, fracturing fluid compatibility, and reservoir protection.
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