Research on health education needs analysis and personalized plan construction of optic neuritis patients based on kano model
基于Kano模型的视神经炎患者健康教育需求分析及个性化方案构建研究

摘要

目的 研究视神经炎患者的健康教育需求类型与优先级，构建针对性个性化健康教育方案，帮助患者更好地改善生活质量。方法 选取2024年1月-2025年1月就诊的视神经炎患者120例，采用自行设计的Kano模型健康教育需求问卷，从疾病认知、治疗护理、用药管理、康复训练、心理支持、社会适应6个维度进行调查。同时引进Kano模型分类法划分需求度等级，总结明确需求优先级，明确个性化的健康教育指导方案。结果 120例患者有效回收问卷115份，有效回收率95.83%。优先级排名前3的需求为“用药规范与剂量调整指导”、“疾病复发预警信号识别”、“心理压力疏导技巧培训”，通过构建个性化方案，可显著提高临床干预效果。结论 视神经炎患者的健康教育需求呈现多元化特征，基于Kano模型可精准定位患者健康教育需求，从而不断提高护理服务质量，促进患者预后。

Abstract

Objective To study the types and priorities of health education needs in patients with optic neuritis, and to construct targeted personalized health education programs to help patients improve their quality of life.
Methods 120 patients with optic neuritis who received treatment from January 2024 to January 2025 were selected. A self-designed Kano model health education needs questionnaire was used to investigate from six dimensions: disease cognition, treatment nursing, medication management, rehabilitation training, psychological support, and social adaptation. At the same time, the Kano model classification method is introduced to classify the level of demand, summarize and clarify the priority of demand, and clarify personalized health education guidance plans.
Results 115 questionnaires were effectively collected from 120 patients, with an effective response rate of 95.83%. The top three priority requirements are “guidance on medication standardization and dosage adjustment”, “recognition of disease recurrence warning signals”, and “training on psychological stress management skills”. By constructing personalized plans, the clinical intervention effect can be significantly improved.
Conclusion   The health education needs of patients with optic neuritis exhibit diversified characteristics. Based on the Kano model, the health education needs of patients can be accurately located, thereby continuously improving the quality of nursing services and promoting patient prognosis.