Early warning nursing and effect of early rehabilitation training on lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in patients with femoral shaft fracture after surgery
股骨干骨折患者术后下肢深静脉血栓的预警护理及早期康复训练效果

摘要

目的 探讨预警护理联合早期康复训练对60-70岁股骨干骨折患者术后下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）预防效果，为降低术后DVT发生率、改善下肢功能提供参考。方法 选取2024年10月至2025年10月120例该年龄段股骨干骨折患者，随机分对照组和实验组各60例。对照组术后行常规护理，实验组术后采用预警护理联合早期康复训练，护理干预4周。比较两组术后下肢DVT发生率、下肢肿胀程度，统计护理前后下肢功能评分及护理满意度，用SPSS 22.0分析数据，P<0.05有统计学意义。结果 实验组术后下肢DVT发生率3.33%，低于对照组的16.67%；术后4周下肢周径差（0.82±0.35）cm，小于对照组的（1.76±0.52）cm，差异有统计学意义。护理前两组下肢功能评分无差异；护理后均提高，且实验组高于对照组。实验组护理满意度96.67%，高于对照组的81.67%，差异有统计学意义。结论 对该年龄段股骨干骨折患者术后实施预警护理联合早期康复训练，可降低DVT发生率，减轻肿胀，改善下肢功能，提高护理满意度，值得推广。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of early warning nursing combined with early rehabilitation training on deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in lower extremities after surgery in patients aged 60–70 with femoral shaft fractures, providing references for reducing postoperative DVT incidence and improving lower limb function.
Methods A total of 120 patients with femoral shaft fractures in this age group from October 2024 to October 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group received routine postoperative care, while the experimental group received early warning nursing combined with early rehabilitation training for 4 weeks. The incidence of lower limb DVT, degree of lower limb swelling, lower limb function scores before and after nursing, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0, with P<0.05 indicating statistical significance.
Results The incidence of lower limb DVT in the experimental group was 3.33%, lower than that in the control group (16.67%). The difference in lower limb circumference at 4 weeks postoperatively (0.82±0.35) cm was statistically significant compared to the control group (1.76±0.52) cm. There was no difference in lower limb function scores between the two groups before nursing, but both improved after nursing, with the experimental group showing higher scores than the control group. The nursing satisfaction rate in the experimental group was 96.67%, higher than that in the control group (81.67%), with a statistically significant difference.
Conclusion   Implementing early warning nursing combined with early rehabilitation training for femoral shaft fracture patients in this age group after surgery can reduce DVT incidence, alleviate swelling, improve lower limb function, and enhance nursing satisfaction, making it worthy of promotion.