New progress in rehabilitation training and nursing research for different stages of cerebral infarction
脑梗死不同阶段的康复训练与康复护理研究新进展

摘要

脑梗死康复历程在临床中可分为急性期、恢复期与后遗症期，现如今有临床研究表明有必要在患者发病后24-48小时内的超早期开展康复护理，此阶段康复护理的重点为预防并发症、摆放良肢位与被动活动。在患者恢复期，康复训练的重点在于根据患者功能评估结果，给予其针对性的训练，通过任务导向性训练、镜像疗法、机器人辅助训练等多元化方式，增强患者神经可塑性，帮助患者进一步提高认知、运动、吞咽等功能。在患者后遗症期，护理重点在于创建社区和家庭康复模式，致力于提高患者社会参与度，且提升其生活独立性。康复护理旨在为患者提供全过程、高质量的康复服务，通过智慧化方式增强功能预后效果。本文主要探究脑梗死不同阶段的康复训练和康复护理研究进展，以期为临床护理提供参考。

Abstract

The rehabilitation process of cerebral infarction can be divided into acute phase, recovery phase, and sequelae phase in clinical practice. Nowadays, clinical studies have shown that it is necessary to carry out rehabilitation nursing in the ultra early stage within 24-48 hours after the onset of the disease. The focus of rehabilitation nursing in this stage is to prevent complications, place good limbs, and engage in passive activities. During the patient's recovery period, the focus of rehabilitation training is to provide targeted training based on the patient's functional assessment results. Through diversified methods such as task oriented training, mirror therapy, and robot assisted training, the patient's neural plasticity is enhanced, helping them further improve their cognitive, motor, swallowing, and other functions. In the post sequelae period of patients, the focus of nursing is on creating community and family rehabilitation models, committed to improving patients' social participation and enhancing their independence in life. Rehabilitation nursing aims to provide patients with high-quality rehabilitation services throughout the entire process, and enhance functional prognosis through intelligent methods. This article mainly explores the research progress of rehabilitation training and rehabilitation nursing in different stages of cerebral infarction, in order to provide reference for clinical nursing.