Nursing prevention and control strategies for aspiration risk during nutritional support in patients in the intensive care unit and their effectiveness evaluation
重症医学科患者营养支持期间误吸风险的护理防控策略及效果评价

摘要

目的 探究重症医学科（ICU）患者营养支持期间误吸风险的针对性护理防控策略，评价其应用效果。方法 选取2025年本院ICU收治的80例需营养支持患者作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为对照组与实验组各40例。对照组实施营养支持常规护理，实验组实施个体化误吸防控专项护理策略。比较两组患者误吸发生率、营养支持达标率及护理满意度。结果 实验组误吸发生率显著低于对照组，营养支持达标率显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 个体化误吸防控专项护理策略可有效降低ICU患者营养支持期间误吸风险，提升营养支持达标率，保障营养支持安全有效，契合ICU患者诊疗护理需求，具有重要临床应用价值。

Abstract

Objective To explore targeted nursing prevention and control strategies for aspiration risk during nutritional support in patients in the Intensive Care Unit(ICU),and evaluate their application effects.
Methods A total of 80 patients requiring nutritional support admitted to the ICU of our hospital in 2025 were selected as the study subjects and divided into a control group and an experimental group using a random number table method, with 40 patients in each group. The control group received conventional nursing care for nutritional support, while the experimental group received individualized special nursing care strategies for aspiration prevention and control. The incidence of aspiration, the compliance rate of nutritional support, and the satisfaction with nursing care were compared between the two groups.
Results The incidence of aspiration in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the compliance rate of nutritional support was significantly higher in both groups(P<0.05).
Conclusion   Individualized special nursing care strategies for aspiration prevention and control can effectively reduce the risk of aspiration during nutritional support in ICU patients, improve the compliance rate of nutritional support, ensure the safety and effectiveness of nutritional support, meet the diagnostic and nursing needs of ICU patients, and have important clinical application value.