Longitudinal study on the effect of oral and facial muscle training and soft tissue profile changes in malocclusion children
错颌畸形患儿口面肌训练效果与软组织侧貌变化的纵向研究

摘要

目的 分析错颌畸形患儿口面肌训练依从性现状及影响因素，验证训练与软组织侧貌改善的相关性。方法 回顾广西医科大学附属口腔医院2023年9月-2025年6月200例错颌畸形患儿资料，按训练日志等量化依从性（高≥80分、中60-79分、低＜60分），对比基线（T0）及干预6个月±2个月（T2）头颅侧位片指标。结果 高、中、低依从组分别占39.00%、41.00%、20.00%；年龄＞9岁、家长监督不足、交通不便为低依从的主因（P＜0.05）。在T2时高依从组的UL-EP（2.13±0.42mm）、LL-EP（2.35±0.51mm）显著低于中低组，且Z角（78.62±3.15°）等更优，口面肌评分（93.52±3.87分）及有效率（97.44%）最高（P＜0.05）。结论 患儿训练依从性与侧貌改善正相关，强化家长监督、优化随访可提升效果。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the compliance status and influencing factors of oral and facial muscle training in children with malocclusion, and verify the correlation between training and soft tissue profile improvement.
Methods Retrospectively analyze 200 cases of malocclusion children in Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University from September 2023 to June 2025.Quantify compliance based on training logs(high≥80 points, medium 60-79 points, low＜60 points),and compare lateral cephalometric indicators at baseline(T0)and 6±2 months after intervention(T2).
Results High, medium and low compliance groups accounted for 39.00%,41.00%and 20.00%respectively;age＞9 years old, insufficient parental supervision and inconvenient transportation were the main causes of low compliance (P＜0.05). At T2,UL-EP(2.13±0.42mm)and LL-EP(2.35±0.51mm)in high compliance group were significantly lower than those in medium and low groups, Z angle(78.62±3.15°)was better, and oral muscle score(93.52±3.87 points)and effective rate(97.44%)were the highest(P＜0.05).
Conclusion   Training compliance is positively correlated with profile improvement; strengthening parental supervision and optimizing follow-up can enhance efficacy.