Research progress on psychological care for terminal patients with malignant tumors
恶性肿瘤临终病人心理护理的研究进展

摘要

目前绝大多数的恶性肿瘤尚无治愈方法，虽然随着医疗水平的提升，现代恶性肿瘤患者的生存周期已经明显延长。然而，由于多数患者在确诊肿瘤时疾病已发展至晚期，错失了最佳的治疗时机，癌细胞可能已扩散至全身，因此在患者的临终阶段，其往往承受着巨大的生理痛苦和心理压力。然而，虽然已无力拯救患者的生命，但在临终前，如果能够通过有效的心理干预来减缓患者的身心痛苦，便能有效提升其在临终前的生理和心理适应能力，使其能以平静的心态度过生命的最后时期。这不仅体现了对患者的人道主义关怀，更具有深远的社会意义。而对患者而言，平静而有尊严的离开，也能减少他们临终前的遗憾和痛苦，让他们在生命的最后旅程感受到温暖和关爱，实现心理上的安息。本文对恶性肿瘤临终病人的心理护理现状和进展进行综述。

Abstract

At present, the vast majority of malignant tumors have no cure. Although with the improvement of medical technology, the survival period of modern patients with malignant tumors has significantly extended. However, since most patients have already developed the disease to an advanced stage when diagnosed, they have missed the best treatment opportunity, and cancer cells may have spread throughout the body. Therefore, during the terminal stage of the patients, they often endure tremendous physical pain and psychological pressure. Although they are no longer able to save the patient's life, if effective psychological intervention can be provided to alleviate their physical and mental pain before death, it can effectively enhance their physiological and psychological adaptability in the final stage of life, allowing them to pass their final period of life with a peaceful mind. This not only reflects humanitarian care for the patients but also has profound social significance. For the patients themselves, a peaceful and dignified departure can also reduce their regrets and pains before death, allowing them to feel warmth and care during their final journey and achieve psychological rest. This article reviews the current situation and progress of psychological care for terminal patients with malignant tumors.