Analysis of the causes of pediatric intravenous infusion nursing adverse events and countermeasures for prevention
儿科静脉输液护理不良事件的原因分析及防范对策研究

摘要

目的 分析儿科静脉输液护理中不良事件的发生原因，制定针对性防范对策，为提升儿科静脉输液护理质量、降低不良事件发生率提供参考。方法 选取本院2024年3月-2025年3月发生的46例儿科静脉输液护理不良事件为研究对象，回顾性分析不良事件的发生类型、分布特点，从人员、操作、患儿、家属、环境、管理等维度剖析发生原因，同时选取同期实施防范对策后的800例儿科静脉输液患儿为观察组，实施对策前的800例为对照组，对比两组不良事件发生率。结果 46例不良事件中，穿刺失败占43.48%、液体外渗占26.09%、静脉炎占13.04%、输液速度不当占8.70%、针头脱落占8.70%；不良事件发生原因主要包括护理人员专业能力不足（39.13%）、操作不规范（23.91%）、患儿配合度低（17.39%）、家属看管不力及安全意识不强（6.52%）、管理流程不完善（10.87%）、环境因素干扰（8.70%）；观察组不良事件发生率显著低于对照组，（P<0.05）。结论 儿科静脉输液护理不良事件系多因素所致，针对性落实专业培训、规范操作、患儿干预、家属健康宣教及环境管理等对策，可显著降低不良事件发生率，提升输液护理安全与质量。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the causes of adverse events in pediatric intravenous infusion nursing, formulate targeted preventive countermeasures, and provide references for improving the quality of pediatric intravenous infusion nursing and reducing the incidence of adverse events.
Methods 46 cases of pediatric intravenous infusion nursing adverse events occurred in our hospital from March 2024 to March 2025 were selected as the research objects. The types and distribution characteristics of adverse events were retrospectively analyzed. The causes were analyzed from the dimensions of personnel, operation, children, family members, environment, and management. Meanwhile, 800 pediatric patients who received intravenous infusion during the same period were selected as the observation group, and 800 patients before implementing the countermeasures were selected as the control group. The incidence of adverse events was compared between the two groups.
Results Among the 46 adverse events, puncture failure accounted for 43.48%, extravasation of liquid accounted for 26.09%, phlebitis accounted for 13.04%, inappropriate infusion speed accounted for 8.70%, and needle detachment accounted for 8.70%. The causes of adverse events mainly included insufficient professional ability of nurses (39.13%), unstandard operation (23.91%), low cooperation of children (17.39%), inadequate supervision by family members and weak safety awareness (6.52%), imperfect management process (10.87%), and environmental factors interference (8.70%). The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Pediatric intravenous infusion nursing adverse events are caused by multiple factors. Targeted implementation of professional training, standard operation, child intervention, family health education, and environmental management countermeasures can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse events and improve the safety and quality of intravenous infusion nursing.