Research progress in nursing care for vascular crises after pediatric digital replantation
小儿断指再植术后血管危象的护理研究进展

摘要

小儿断指再植术因患儿血管纤细，配合度低等生理与心理特点，术后血管危象发生率较高，直接影响断指再植成活率。本文系统总结了小儿断指再植术围手术期护理方法，包括术前急救、体位准备、心理干预等预处理措施，以及术后一般护理、饮食调理、疼痛管理、药物护理、再植指血运监测、固定装置护理、体位管理、血管危象应急处理、功能锻炼、放血治疗等。综合认为小儿断指再植术后，通过实施针对性心理护理、精细化临床观察与干预、及时有效的疼痛控制及科学的康复指导，可显著降低小儿术后血管危象发生率，提升断指再植成功率及功能恢复质量，值得在护理实践中推广。

Abstract

Due to the physiological and psychological characteristics of children, such as slender blood vessels and poor cooperation, the incidence of postoperative vascular crises is relatively high following pediatric digital replantation, which directly affects the survival rate of replanted fingers. This paper systematically summarizes the perioperative nursing methods for pediatric digital replantation, including preoperative first aid, position preparation, psychological intervention and other pretreatment measures, as well as postoperative general nursing, dietary conditioning, pain management, medication nursing, blood circulation monitoring of replanted fingers, fixation device nursing, position management, emergency treatment of vascular crises, functional exercise, bloodletting therapy and so on. It is comprehensively considered that the implementation of targeted psychological nursing, refined clinical observation and intervention, timely and effective pain control, as well as scientific rehabilitation guidance after pediatric digital replantation can significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative vascular crises in children, improve the success rate of digital replantation and the quality of functional recovery, which is worthy of popularization in nursing practice.