Observation on the impact of targeted nursing on postoperative rehabilitation and bone joint function of elderly patients with lower limb fractures
针对性护理对老年下肢骨折手术患者术后康复及骨关节功能的影响观察

摘要

目的 老年下肢骨折患者因身体机能衰退，术后康复慢、骨关节功能恢复难，本研究旨在探讨针对性护理对其术后康复及骨关节功能的影响，为优化护理方案提供依据。方法 选取我院2024年12月-2025年12月收治的98例老年下肢骨折手术患者，均经影像学确诊并手术，按随机数字表法分观察组与对照组各49例。对照组行常规护理（术前宣教、术后生命体征监测、常规用药及简单康复训练）；观察组行针对性护理（个性化方案制定、心理疏导、精细化疼痛管理、分阶段康复训练、营养与基础疾病护理、并发症预防）。对比两组术后康复情况、骨关节功能、并发症发生率及满意度。结果 观察组术后3天VAS疼痛评分、住院时间、骨折愈合时间均优于对照组（P<0.05），并发症发生率更低（P<0.05）；术后3、6个月，观察组髋关节Harris评分、膝关节HSS评分、Barthel指数均高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组满意度95.92%，显著高于对照组79.59%（P<0.05）。结论 针对性护理可减轻老年下肢骨折手术患者术后疼痛、缩短康复周期、降低并发症风险，改善骨关节功能与日常生活能力，提升满意度，值得临床推广。

Abstract

Objective Elderly patients with lower limb fractures have slow postoperative recovery and difficult recovery of bone joint function due to the decline of physical functions. This study aims to explore the impact of targeted nursing on their postoperative rehabilitation and bone joint function, and to provide a basis for optimizing the nursing plan.
Methods 98 elderly patients with lower limb fractures who were admitted to our hospital from December 2024 to December 2025 and diagnosed and operated by imaging were selected. They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 49 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing (preoperative education, postoperative vital sign monitoring, routine medication, and simple rehabilitation training); the observation group received targeted nursing (personalized plan formulation, psychological counseling, refined pain management, staged rehabilitation training, nutrition and basic disease care, and complication prevention). The postoperative rehabilitation conditions, bone joint function, complication rate, and satisfaction of the two groups were compared.
Results The VAS pain score, hospitalization time, and fracture healing time of the observation group on the 3rd day after surgery were better than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the complication rate was lower (P<0.05); at 3 and 6 months after surgery, the Harris score of the hip joint, the HSS score of the knee joint, and the Barthel index of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05); the satisfaction rate of the observation group was 95.92%, significantly higher than that of the control group (79.59%) (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Targeted nursing can alleviate postoperative pain in elderly patients with lower limb fractures, shorten the rehabilitation period, reduce the risk of complications, improve bone joint function and daily living ability, and enhance satisfaction. It is worthy of clinical promotion.