International Journal of Clinical Research
International Journal of Clinical Research. 2026; 10: (3) ; 10.12208/j.ijcr.20260116 .
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中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八八医院耳鼻喉科 河南郑州
*通讯作者： 李谊,单位：中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八八医院耳鼻喉科 河南郑州; 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八八医院耳鼻喉科 河南郑州; 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八八医院耳鼻喉科 河南郑州; ；
鼻咽癌是我国高发恶性肿瘤之一，发病率位居耳鼻咽喉恶性肿瘤之首。由于其解剖位置特殊，手术治疗难度较大，非手术治疗一直是鼻咽癌的主要治疗手段。本文综述了近年来鼻咽癌非手术治疗的最新进展，包括放射治疗、化学治疗、免疫治疗、靶向治疗以及多学科综合治疗等方面。放射治疗技术的不断改进，如调强放射治疗和质子重离子治疗，提高了肿瘤的局部控制率，减少了正常组织的损伤。化学治疗方案的优化，如同步放化疗、诱导化疗和辅助化疗的联合应用，进一步提高了患者的生存率。免疫治疗的兴起，特别是免疫检查点抑制剂的应用，为鼻咽癌的治疗带来了新的希望。靶向治疗药物如表皮生长因子受体抑制剂等在鼻咽癌治疗中的研究也取得了一定的成果。此外，多种治疗方法的联合应用已成为鼻咽癌治疗的趋势，通过综合治疗，有望进一步提高鼻咽癌患者的疗效和生活质量。此外，还总结了分子标志物在鼻咽癌中的研究和应用。未来，随着对鼻咽癌发病机制的深入研究以及治疗技术的不断发展，鼻咽癌的非手术治疗必将取得更加显著的进展。
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most frequently occurring malignant tumors in China, and its incidence rate ranks first among the malignant tumors of otorhinolaryngology. Due to its unique anatomical location, surgical treatment is difficult, and non-surgical treatment has always been the main treatment method for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This article reviews the latest advances in non-surgical treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in recent years, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment. The continuous improvement of radiation therapy techniques, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy and proton heavy ion therapy, has increased the local control rate of tumors and reduced damage to normal tissues. The optimization of chemotherapy regimens, such as the combination of concurrent chemoradiotherapy, induction chemotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy, has further improved the survival rate of patients. The rise of immunotherapy, especially the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors, has brought new hope for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Targeted therapy drugs such as epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors have also achieved certain results in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In addition, the combination of multiple treatment methods has become a trend in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Through comprehensive treatment, it is expected to further improve the efficacy and quality of life of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. In addition, the research and application of molecular markers in nasopharyngeal carcinoma have also been summarized. In the future, with the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the continuous development of treatment techniques, non-surgical treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma will surely make more significant progress.
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