Study on the needs of primary family caregivers of patients after total laryngectomy and nursing strategies
全喉切除术后患者主要家属需求的研究及护理对策

摘要

目的 探讨全喉切除术后患者主要家属的核心需求，为制定针对性护理对策提供依据。方法 2024年1月-2025年10月，取本院耳鼻喉科接受全喉切除术的60例患者及其主要家属作为研究对象。采用自行设计的家属需求调查问卷结合SDS、SAS量表进行横断面调查，分析家属需求类型、强度及影响因素。结果 家属需求呈多维度，信息支持最突出，心理、照护技能及社会支持需求显著，需求强度与患者术后并发症、家属文化程度及照护时长相关。结论 全喉切除术后患者主要家属存在高强度多维度需求，临床应构建四位一体护理干预模式，针对性满足需求、缓解负性情绪，提升照护质量，促进患者康复。

Abstract

Objective To explore the core needs of primary family caregivers of patients after total laryngectomy and provide a basis for formulating targeted nursing strategies.
Methods From January 2024 to October 2025, 60 patients undergoing total laryngectomy in the Department of Otolaryngology of our hospital and their primary family caregivers were selected as the study subjects. A self-designed caregiver needs questionnaire, combined with SDS and SAS scales, was used for a cross-sectional survey to analyze the types, intensity, and influencing factors of caregiver needs.
Results Caregiver needs were multidimensional, with informational support being the most prominent. Psychological, caregiving skills, and social support needs were significant, and the intensity of needs was related to the patient’s postoperative complications, caregiver educational level, and duration of caregiving.
Conclusion   Primary family caregivers of patients after total laryngectomy have high-intensity, multidimensional needs. Clinical practice should establish a four-in-one nursing intervention model to meet needs in a targeted manner, alleviate negative emotions, improve caregiving quality, and promote patient recovery.