Construction and application of continuous enteral nutrition management program for families with severe craniocerebral injury
重症颅脑损伤家庭肠内营养延续管理方案的构建及应用

摘要

目的 构建重症颅脑损伤（Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, sTBI）患者家庭肠内营养（Home Enteral Nutrition, HEN）延续管理方案，并探讨其应用效果。方法 选取2023年5月至2025年5月本院神经外科收治的100例sTBI昏迷且需长期HEN患者。研究以分组的形式展开，接受常规出院指导者纳入对照组（50例），应用基于“评估-计划-实施-监测评价-质量改进”的HEN延续管理方案者纳入观察组（50例）。比较两组干预3个月后营养指标、并发症发生率、护理满意度。结果 观察组营养指标（血清白蛋白、前白蛋白、体质量指数）优于对照组，并发症总发生率低于对照组，护理满意度高于对照组，数据两组均见明显差异（P＜0.05）。结论 构建的sTBI患者HEN延续管理方案可有效改善患者营养状况，降低并发症发生率，提升护理满意度，减少再入院风险，具有临床推广价值。

Abstract

Objective To construct a continuation management program of Home Enteral Nutrition (HEN) for patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (sTBI) and explore its application effect.
Methods A total of 100 patients with sTBI who were in a coma and required long-term HEN and were admitted to the neurosurgery department of our hospital from May 2023 to May 2025 were selected. The study was conducted in groups. Those who received routine discharge guidance were included in the control group (50 cases), and those who applied the HEN continuation management program based on "assessment - planning - implementation - monitoring and evaluation - quality improvement" were included in the observation group (50 cases). The nutritional indicators, incidence of complications and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared after 3 months of intervention.
Results The nutritional indicators (serum albumin, prealbumin, body mass index) of the observation group were better than those of the control group, the total incidence of complications was lower than that of the control group, and the nursing satisfaction was higher than that of the control group. There were significant differences in the data between the two groups (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   The constructed HEN continuous management program for sTBI patients can effectively improve the nutritional status of patients, reduce the incidence of complications, enhance nursing satisfaction, and reduce the risk of readmission. It has clinical promotion value.