Optimization and practical effect evaluation of evidence-based postoperative pancreatic drainage tube nursing plan
基于循证的胰腺术后引流管护理方案的优化与实践效果评价

摘要

胰腺手术是治疗胰腺良恶性肿瘤及复杂损伤的主要手段，但其技术难度高、术后并发症发生率高，尤其是术后胰瘘（POPF）是导致患者预后不良、住院时间延长和医疗费用增加的主要原因。腹腔引流管作为术后观察和管理的窗口，其护理质量直接关系到并发症的早期发现与干预。传统的引流管护理多基于经验和习惯，缺乏统一、规范的循证标准。本文旨在通过系统综述国内外相关文献，梳理胰腺术后引流管护理的循证证据，从引流管的放置、固定、观察、维护到拔除指征等环节，构建一套系统化、标准化的优化护理方案，并对其在降低POPF等并发症发生率、缩短引流管留置时间、改善患者舒适度及提升护理质量等方面的实践效果进行综合评价，以推动胰腺外科围手术期护理的精细化与科学化发展。

Abstract

Pancreatic surgery is the main method for treating benign and malignant pancreatic tumors and complex injuries. However, it has high technical difficulty and a high incidence of postoperative complications. Especially postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the main cause of poor prognosis, prolonged hospital stay and increased medical costs for patients. The abdominal drainage tube, as a window for postoperative observation and management, its nursing quality is directly related to the early detection and intervention of complications. Traditional drainage tube care is mostly based on experience and habit, lacking unified and standardized evidence-based standards. This article aims to systematically review relevant domestic and foreign literature, sort out the evidence-based evidence of postoperative drainage tube care for the pancreas, and construct a systematic and standardized optimized nursing plan from the placement, fixation, observation, maintenance to the indications for removal of the drainage tube. And a comprehensive evaluation was conducted on its practical effects in reducing the incidence of complications such as POPF, shortening the indwelling time of drainage tubes, improving patient comfort and enhancing the quality of nursing, in order to promote the refined and scientific development of perioperative nursing in pancreatic surgery.