Early assessment methods and nursing strategies for vascular access dysfunction in hemodialysis patients
血液透析患者血管通路功能障碍的早期评估方法应用及护理对策

摘要

目的 分析血液透析患者血管通路功能障碍的早期评估方法及护理对策的应用效果。方法 回顾性选取本院2024年1月—2025年1月收治的维持性血液透析患者32例，根据血管通路功能的初步评估分为实验组与对照组。实验组采用多指标联合评估体系进行早期评估，并结合个体化护理干预；对照组仅进行常规评估和护理。对比两组患者在血流量、透析充分性、并发症发生率及生活质量等方面的变化。结果 实验组在早期功能障碍识别率、血流量恢复、透析充分性提升和并发症发生率方面均显著优于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 多指标联合评估体系结合护理干预，能够显著提高血管通路功能的早期识别率，改善透析质量，降低并发症风险，提高患者生活质量，具有较高的临床应用价值。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the application effects of early assessment methods and nursing strategies for vascular access dysfunction in hemodialysis patients.
Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 32 maintenance hemodialysis patients admitted from January 2024 to January 2025 at our hospital. Patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group based on preliminary vascular access function assessments. The experimental group underwent early assessment using a multi-indicator combined evaluation system combined with individualized nursing interventions, while the control group received routine assessments and nursing care. Changes in blood flow, dialysis adequacy, complication incidence, and quality of life were compared between the two groups.
Results The experimental group demonstrated significantly better performance than the control group in early dysfunction identification rate, blood flow recovery, dialysis adequacy improvement, and complication incidence (P<0.05).
Conclusion   The multi-indicator combined evaluation system combined with nursing interventions can significantly improve early identification rates of vascular access dysfunction, enhance dialysis quality, reduce complication risks, and improve patients' quality of life, demonstrating high clinical application value.