Decision-making guidance for trenchless rehabilitation techniques for RCP culvert
钢筋混凝土管涵非开挖修复技术决策指引

摘要

为解决钢筋混凝土管涵故障率高、传统开挖修复方法社会与经济成本大的问题，本研究构建了一套基于故障特征的非开挖修复技术决策指引。研究系统识别了管节裂缝、内壁磨损、接缝断裂、接缝错位、底部侵蚀及支撑层空洞六类常见故障，并依据量化标准将其严重程度划分为轻微、中等和严重三级。在此基础上，综合评估了注浆、喷射混凝土、原位固化内衬、穿插内衬、离心浇筑混凝土管内衬及管道破裂六种主流非开挖修复技术的适用性。研究结果表明：轻微故障普遍适用注浆技术；中等故障可灵活采用原位固化内衬技术等半结构性或结构性修复技术；严重故障则必须采用穿插内衬技术、管道破裂技术等结构性修复技术。其中，接缝错位与支撑层空洞的技术选择范围相对受限。本指引为工程实践中基于具体故障场景的技术选型提供了系统化依据，实际应用需结合施工成本、设计寿命、过流能力及环境交通影响进行多目标决策。

Abstract

To address the high failure rate of reinforced concrete pipe culverts and the significant social and economic costs associated with traditional excavation repair methods, this study has developed a decision-making guidance for trenchless rehabilitation techniques based on defect characteristics. The research systematically identified six common types of defects—cracks, corrosion, joint fracture, joint misalignment, invert deterioration, and bedding voids—and classified their severity into three levels (minor, moderate, and severe) according to quantitative criteria. On this basis, the applicability of six mainstream trenchless rehabilitation techniques—grouting, shotcrete, cured-in-place pipe lining, slip lining, centrifugally cast concrete pipe lining, and pipe bursting—was comprehensively evaluated. The results indicate that minor defects are generally suitable for grouting technique; moderate defects can be flexibly addressed using semi-structural or full-structural rehabilitation techniques such as cured-in-place pipe lining; while severe defects require full-structural repair techniques such as slip lining or pipe bursting. Among these, the technical options for joint misalignment and bedding voids are relatively limited. This guidance provides a systematic basis for selecting appropriate techniques in engineering practice according to specific defect scenarios, though practical application requires multi-objective decision-making that also considers construction cost, design life, flow capacity, and environmental and traffic impacts.