Application and development of metal catalysts in chemical engineering
金属催化剂在化学化工领域的应用与发展

摘要

金属催化剂是化学化工领域的“心脏”，可以为提升反应效率、推动绿色化工发展以及优化产品选择等方面提供重要动力。本文通过系统化阐述金属催化剂的基本概念、分类及其特性，从贵金属资源稀缺、催化机理认知不足等方面探讨金属催化剂应用中面临的问题，进而重点阐述其在石油化工、精细化工、环境保护及能源转化等关键领域的广泛应用，对其未来发展趋势进行展望，提出向高活性、高稳定性、高选择性及智能化设计发展的核心目标，以此为新型高效金属催化剂的开发与应用提供理论参考和实践指引。

Abstract

Metal catalysts are regarded as the "heart" of the chemical and chemical engineering fields, providing essential driving force for enhancing reaction efficiency, promoting green chemical engineering development, and optimizing product selectivity. This article systematically elaborates on the fundamental concepts, classification, and characteristics of metal catalysts. It addresses challenges in their application, such as the scarcity of precious metal resources and insufficient understanding of catalytic mechanisms. Furthermore, it highlights their extensive applications in key areas including petrochemicals, fine chemicals, environmental protection, and energy conversion. The future development trends are also discussed, with a focus on the core objectives of advancing toward high activity, high stability, high selectivity, and intelligent design. This work aims to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for the development and application of novel, efficient metal catalysts.