Analysis of the impact of laser slip ring signal transmission characteristics on the reliability of pitch systems
激光滑环信号传输特性对变桨系统可靠性的影响分析

摘要

风电机组变桨系统是实现功率调节和超速保护的关键子系统，其可靠性直接影响整机安全和发电效率。作为变桨系统中连接固定机舱与旋转轮毂的关键接口部件，滑环的信号传输性能至关重要。传统电接触滑环因机械磨损、环境敏感性和信号干扰等问题，已成为变桨系统故障的主要源头之一，尤其在恶劣气象条件下表现更为突出。本文聚焦于采用非接触激光传输技术的新型滑环（激光滑环）的信号传输特性，深入分析其对变桨系统可靠性的积极影响。通过对比传统滑环的技术局限，从信号完整性保障、抗干扰能力、环境适应性及维护需求等维度，系统阐述激光滑环如何显著降低通信故障率、延长无故障运行周期、减少维护成本和停机时间。

Abstract

The pitch system of a wind turbine is a critical subsystem for power regulation and overspeed protection, and its reliability directly affects the overall safety and energy generation efficiency of the turbine. As a key interface component connecting the stationary nacelle and the rotating hub, the signal transmission performance of the slip ring is crucial. Traditional electrical-contact slip rings have become one of the main sources of pitch system failures due to mechanical wear, environmental sensitivity, and signal interference, with these issues being particularly pronounced under harsh weather conditions. This paper focuses on the signal transmission characteristics of a novel slip ring using non-contact laser transmission technology (laser slip ring) and analyzes its positive impact on pitch system reliability. By comparing the technical limitations of traditional slip rings, the study systematically explains how laser slip rings significantly reduce communication failure rates, extend fault-free operating periods, and decrease maintenance costs and downtime, considering aspects such as signal integrity, anti-interference capability, environmental adaptability, and maintenance requirements.