Journal of Advances in Clinical Nursing
Journal of Advances in Clinical Nursing. 2025; 4: (11) ; 10.12208/j.jacn.20250580 .
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南方医科大学第五附属医院 广东广州
*通讯作者： 朱礼宁,单位：南方医科大学第五附属医院 广东广州；
目的 构建“空气质量监测-靶向干预-健康管理”一体化社区小儿呼吸道感染预防体系，评估空气质量改善联合多维度环境干预对感染发生率、症状严重程度及免疫功能的影响，为社区儿童健康防护提供实践范式。方法 选取2023年2月-2024年1月某社区80名3-6岁儿童，按随机数字表法分为对照组与实验组各40例。对照组实施常规健康宣教，实验组开展综合环境干预。随访6个月，对比两组感染发生率、症状评分及免疫球蛋白水平。结果 实验组呼吸道感染发生率低于对照组（χ2=6.275，P=0.012），感染时症状评分低于对照组（t=8.342，P＜0.001），血清免疫球蛋白IgA水平高于对照组（t=7.561，P＜0.001）。结论 空气质量改善联合多维度环境干预可显著降低社区小儿呼吸道感染风险，减轻感染症状，增强免疫功能，该体系实现了环境因素与个体防护的协同防控，值得社区推广应用。
Objective To construct an integrated prevention system of "air quality monitoring-targeted intervention-health management" for respiratory infections in children in communities, evaluate the effects of air quality improvement combined with multi-dimensional environmental intervention on infection incidence, symptom severity and immune function, and provide a practical paradigm for children's health protection in communities. Methods Eighty children aged 3-6 years in a community from February 2023 to January 2024 were selected and randomly divided into control group and experimental group with 40 cases each. The control group received routine health education, while the experimental group carried out comprehensive environmental intervention. After 6 months of follow-up, the infection incidence, symptom score and immunoglobulin level were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of respiratory infections in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group(χ²=6.275,P=0.012),the symptom score during infection was lower than that in the control group(t=8.342,P＜0.001),and the serum immunoglobulin IgA level was higher than that in the control group(t=7.561,P＜0.001). Conclusion Air quality improvement combined with multi-dimensional environmental intervention can significantly reduce the risk of respiratory infections in children in communities, alleviate infection symptoms and enhance immune function. This system realizes the coordinated prevention and control of environmental factors and individual protection, and is worthy of promotion and application in communities.
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