Analysis of high-risk factors and nursing intervention measures for patients with lupus nephritis accompanied by abnormal renal function
狼疮性肾炎患者伴肾功能异常的高危因素及护理干预措施分析

摘要

目的 探讨狼疮性肾炎（LN）患者伴肾功能异常的高危因素及护理干预措施。方法 选取2023年7月至2024年4月收治的LN患者200例，按照肾功能（肾小球滤过率，≥90ml/min为正常，反之为异常）是否正常分为正常组146例，异常组54例，将两组患者资料收集后通过Logistic回归分析得出影响LN患者伴肾功能异常的高危因素。结果 200例LN患者中，肾功能异常患者54例，发生率47.00%。研究发现，对于LN患者而言，以下因素是引发肾功能异常的高危因素，且相关差异经统计分析具有显著性（P＜0.05，OR＞1）：病程达10个月及以上、同时患有高血压、同时患有糖尿病、存在合并感染、狼疮活动处于中度或重度水平、合并贫血以及合并低蛋白血症。结论 合并糖尿病、病程≥10个月、狼疮活动程度中度及重度、合并感染、合并贫血、合并高血压、合并低蛋白血症均为影响LN患者肾功能异常的高危因素，临床中需尽早对这些因素进行识别并采取干预措施，以此避免肾功能出现持续性损伤。

Abstract

Objective To explore the high-risk factors and nursing interventions for lupus nephritis (LN) patients with renal dysfunction.
Methods 200 LN patients admitted from July 2023 to April 2024 were selected and divided into a normal group of 146 cases and an abnormal group of 54 cases according to whether their renal function (glomerular filtration rate, ≥ 90ml/min is normal, otherwise it is abnormal) was normal. The data of the two groups of patients were collected and analyzed by logistic regression to identify the high-risk factors affecting LN patients with renal dysfunction.
Results Among 200 LN patients, 54 had renal dysfunction, with an incidence rate of 47.00%. The study found that, for LN patients, the following factors are the high-risk factors that lead to renal dysfunction, and the related differences are statistically significant (P<0.05, OR>1): disease duration of 10 months or more, hypertension, diabetes, infection, lupus activity at a moderate or severe level, anemia, and hypoproteinemia.
Conclusion   The high risk factors of renal dysfunction in LN patients include diabetes, duration of disease ≥ 10 months, moderate and severe lupus activity, combined infection, combined anemia, combined hypertension, combined hypoproteinemia. These factors should be identified as soon as possible in clinical practice and intervention measures should be taken to avoid continuous damage to renal function.