Analysis of the preventive effect of the Caprini risk assessment-based nursing model on deep vein thrombosis after thyroid surgery
基于Caprini风险评估的护理模式对甲状腺术后深静脉血栓的预防效果分析

摘要

目的 本研究旨在分析采用Caprini风险评估工具引导的护理方案对甲状腺术后深静脉血栓的预防作用。方法 将2023年1月至2024年1月本院80例甲状腺手术患者随机分组，40例对照组沿用常规护理方法，另40例观察组实施Caprini风险分层护理，对比两组护理后的最终效果，主要依据三个指标进行评估：VTE风险评分，深静脉血栓形成的发生率以及下肢血液流速。结果 护理前，两组VTE风险评估分值接近（P＞0.05）；护理后观察组VTE评分显著降低（P<0.05），深静脉血栓发生率也低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组术后腘静脉、股静脉血流速度均快于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 基于Caprini风险评估的护理模式对预防甲状腺手术后患者发生深静脉血栓有显著效果，可以有效提升手术的安全性，降低患者的并发症风险。

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to analyze the preventive effect of a nursing protocol guided by the Caprini risk assessment tool on deep vein thrombosis after thyroid surgery.
Methods A total of 80 thyroid surgery patients from our hospital between January 2023 and January 2024 were randomly divided into groups. The control group (40 cases) received conventional nursing care, while the observation group (40 cases) underwent Caprini risk-stratified nursing. The final outcomes of both groups were compared, primarily based on three indicators: VTE risk score, incidence of deep vein thrombosis, and lower limb blood flow velocity.
Results Before nursing, the VTE risk assessment scores of both groups were similar (P > 0.05). After nursing, the observation group showed a significant reduction in VTE scores (P < 0.05) and a lower incidence of deep vein thrombosis compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The postoperative blood flow velocities in the popliteal and femoral veins of the observation group were faster than those of the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   The nursing model based on Caprini risk assessment has a significant effect in preventing deep vein thrombosis in patients after thyroid surgery, effectively enhancing surgical safety and reducing the risk of complications.