Reconstruction of the legal interests of the crime of Illegally obtaining data from computer information systems in the context of the digital economy
数字经济背景下非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪的法益重构

摘要

数字经济浪潮催生数据要素独立价值，传统刑法保护模式陷入规制困境。为了构建适配数字经济发展的法益保护体系，文章分析了现行罪名以系统功能破坏为入罪标准导致的规制盲区、罪名竞合混乱及量刑失衡等司法难题，探索了传统法益理论在应对数据非物质性、主体复合性、侵害隐蔽性时的解释危机，研究了德国技术中立规范、美国数据控制权理论、欧盟信息自决权模式的域外智慧。研究表明，应当突破系统载体中心范式，确立数据独立法益地位，构建机密性、完整性、可用性三维框架，建立价值量化、控制权破坏、危害范围的综合判断标准，形成罪名分层、刑罚梯度、规范衔接的体系化保护机制。

Abstract

The digital economy wave has given rise to the independent value of data elements, and the traditional criminal law protection model has fallen into a regulatory predicament. In order to build a legal interest protection system that is compatible with the development of the digital economy, this article analyzes the judicial problems such as regulatory blind spots, chaotic competition of criminal charges and unbalanced sentencing caused by the current criminal charges taking the destruction of system functions as the criterion for criminalization, and explores the interpretive crisis of traditional legal interest theories in dealing with the immaterial nature of data, the complexity of subjects and the concealment of infringement. The extraterritorial wisdom of the German technology neutrality norm, the American data control rights theory, and the EU information self-determination rights model was studied. Research shows that it is necessary to break through the system carrier-centered paradigm, establish the independent legal interest status of data, construct a three-dimensional framework of confidentiality, integrity and availability, establish a comprehensive judgment standard for value quantification, control rights violation and the scope of harm, and form a systematic protection mechanism featuring hierarchical charges, gradient penalties and normative connection.