Application of predictive nursing in acute ischemic stroke patients with intravenous thrombolysis
预见性护理在急性缺血性脑卒中静脉溶栓患者中的应用

摘要

静脉溶栓作为急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）的首选治疗方案，其疗效可能因溶栓后并发症的发生而受到显著影响，导致患者预后不良及生存质量下降。研究表明，溶栓相关并发症可使患者病死率及致残率显著升高，增加医疗负担。预见性护理通过早期风险评估和干预措施的制定，在并发症预防中展现出重要临床价值。本文基于循证护理理念，系统构建AIS患者静脉溶栓后预见性护理方案，重点阐述神经功能监测、出血转化预警、血管再闭塞预防、康复期体系构建等关键环节的护理策略，旨在提升护理人员对溶栓后并发症的早期识别与规范处置能力，促进神经功能康复，降低致残风险，最终实现患者生存质量的整体改善。

Abstract

Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is the preferred treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but its effectiveness can be significantly compromised by complications that arise after thrombolysis, leading to poor patient outcomes and a decline in quality of life. Studies have shown that thrombolysis-related complications can significantly increase mortality and disability rates, thereby increasing the medical burden. Predictive nursing, through early risk assessment and the implementation of preventive measures, plays a crucial role in preventing these complications. This article, grounded in evidence-based nursing principles, systematically develops a predictive nursing care plan for AIS patients following IVT, focusing on key aspects such as neurological monitoring, early warning of hemorrhagic transformation, prevention of re-closure of blood vessels, and the establishment of a rehabilitation system. The aim is to enhance nurses' ability to identify and manage thrombolysis-related complications early, promote neurological recovery, reduce the risk of disability, and ultimately improve the overall quality of life for patients.