Dilemmas and countermeasures of basic education in western China under the digitalization background
数字化背景下西部基础教育的困境与对策

摘要

随着《“十四五”教育发展规划》、《教育信息化2.0行动计划》、《教育数字化战略行动》等政策文件的陆续出台，教育数字化已成为我国推进教育现代化的核心战略。西部基础教育覆盖12个省（区、市），服务人口超过2.5亿（据《中国教育统计年鉴》[1]），其数字化发展水平直接影响国家“教育强国”战略目标的达成。在教育数字化战略驱动下，推动西部基础教育数字化转型，是缩小区域教育差距、促进教育均衡发展的关键路径。然而，当前西部地区基础教育数字化转型面临多重挑战：基础设施薄弱、数字资源适配性不足、教师数字素养欠缺、学生数字鸿沟显著以及体制机制建设滞后。针对上述问题，本研究通过实地调研，系统梳理西部基础教育数字化转型的现实困境，进而提出包含“基础设施强化—资源本土化适配—能力协同提升—助学精准兜底—机制优化完善”五个维度的对策框架，旨在为西部基础教育实现高质量数字化转型提供理论与实践参考。

Abstract

With the successive promulgation of policy documents such as the "14th Five-Year Plan for Education Development," the "Education Informatization 2.0 Action Plan," and the "Education Digitalization Strategy Action," education digitalization has become a core strategy for promoting education modernization in my country. Basic education in western China covers 12 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), serving a population of over 250 million (according to the "China Education Statistics Yearbook"). Its level of digital development directly affects the achievement of the national "Education Powerhouse" strategic goal. Driven by the education digitalization strategy, promoting the digital transformation of basic education in western China is a key path to narrowing regional education gaps and promoting balanced educational development. However, the current digital transformation of basic education in western China faces multiple challenges: weak infrastructure, insufficient digital resource adaptability, lack of digital literacy among teachers, a significant digital divide among students, and lagging institutional and mechanism construction. To address the aforementioned issues, this study, through field research, systematically analyzes the practical difficulties in the digital transformation of basic education in western China. It then proposes a five-dimensional strategy framework encompassing "infrastructure strengthening—localization of resources—collaborative capacity building—precise support for education—mechanism optimization and improvement," aiming to provide theoretical and practical references for achieving high-quality digital transformation in western basic education.