Research on the instability mechanism and catastrophic evolution of the dump field under discrete element method
离散元模拟下排土场失稳机理与灾变演化研究

摘要

露天煤矿排土场作为矿山工程中最为脆弱的边坡单元，其稳定性直接关系到生产安全与生态环境。为揭示排土场滑坡的孕育与演化机理，基于离散元软件MatDEM建立了排土场离散元模型，结合实际工况进行参数赋值与调控。通过数值模拟对排土场在加载条件下的变形破坏过程进行动态追踪，重点分析了滑坡发生前后颗粒接触力链演化、剪切带形成及滑体整体位移场的演变特征。结果表明，排土场滑坡主要表现为底部弱化层的应力集中与破裂贯通所致，剪切带贯通后导致滑体产生整体滑移和局部坍塌，揭示了从局部破坏向整体失稳演化的链式机制。

Abstract

As one of the most vulnerable slope units in mining engineering, the stability of open-pit coal mine dumps is directly linked to production safety and the ecological environment. To investigate the initiation and evolution mechanisms of dump landslides, a discrete element model was established using the MatDEM software, with parameters calibrated according to actual site conditions. The deformation and failure processes of the dump under loading were dynamically tracked through numerical simulation. The evolution of particle contact force chains, shear zone formation, and overall displacement fields of the sliding body before and after landslide initiation were systematically analyzed.
Results indicate that landslides are primarily triggered by stress concentration and rupture of the basal weak layer. Shear zone penetration induces overall sliding and localized collapses of the sliding mass, revealing the progressive failure mechanism from local damage to overall instability.