Energy balance analysis of biogas power generation system for leachate treatment in waste incineration plants
垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液处理沼气发电系统的能量平衡分析

摘要

垃圾焚烧厂在处理过程中产生的大量渗滤液含有高浓度有机物，若直接排放不仅会造成环境污染，还会增加处理成本。将渗滤液处理与沼气发电系统耦合，通过厌氧消化产生沼气并用于发电，可实现废弃物减量化与能源化利用的双重目标。本文以能量平衡分析为主要研究思路，探讨渗滤液厌氧处理过程中沼气产量、发电效率以及系统能量回收率之间的关系。结果表明，合理优化厌氧消化工艺与余热回收措施，能够显著提升系统净能量产出，并降低运行能耗，为垃圾焚烧厂实现资源循环与能源自给提供参考路径。

Abstract

A large amount of leachate generated during the operation of waste incineration plants contains high-concentration organic matter. Direct discharge of such leachate not only causes environmental pollution but also increases treatment costs. Coupling leachate treatment with a biogas power generation system—where biogas is produced through anaerobic digestion and then used for power generation—can achieve the dual goals of waste reduction and energy recovery. Taking energy balance analysis as the core research approach, this paper explores the relationships between biogas production, power generation efficiency, and system energy recovery rate during the anaerobic treatment of leachate. The results show that reasonable optimization of anaerobic digestion processes and waste heat recovery measures can significantly improve the net energy output of the system and reduce operational energy consumption. This study provides a reference path for waste incineration plants to realize resource recycling and energy self-sufficiency.