International Journal of Materials Science
International Journal of Materials Science. 2024; 6: (1) ; 10.12208/j.ijms.20240009 .
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太行实验室 四川成都
*通讯作者： 刘政,单位：太行实验室 四川成都；
承载/吸波一体化聚合物复合材料具有密度低、比强度/比模量高、成型方法简单、可设计性强和成本低等优点，在先进航空系统中具备广泛应用前景。然而现有承载/吸波一体化复合材料在宽频范围内的吸波性能尚不能满足重大系统工程中的迫切需求。此外，目前承载/吸波一体化复合材料的设计还是主要依靠实验来进行，缺乏相关多物理场耦合仿真及设计准则。基于此，本文首先综述了承载/吸波一体化聚合物基复合材料的损耗机制及其影响因素，常见吸波填料的种类及性能，重点讨论了高性能宽频吸波填料和承载/吸波一体化聚合物基复合材料设计制备的研究进展和相关学术成果，并针对其在先进航空领域的应用展开了探讨。最后，聚焦于承载/吸波一体化聚合物基复合材料的基础研究（包括电磁超材料、拓扑结构等）和关键应用核心技术问题，指出当前面临的高性能宽频吸波填料设计、复杂结构精准成型等关键技术挑战，并从'新材料-新工艺-新结构'角度提出了融合人工智能的材料设计、多尺度结构优化等未来重点发展方向。
Integrated structural/wave-absorbing polymer-based composites possess the low density, high specific strength & modulus, simple forming methods, strong designability and low cost, which have broad application prospects in advanced aviation systems. However, the current integrated structural/wave-absorbing composites still cannot meet the urgent demands of key system engineering in terms of its wave-absorbing performance within a wide frequency range. Moreover, the design of such composites mainly relies on experiments, lacking relevant multi-physical field coupling simulation and design criteria. Based on this, this paper first reviews the loss mechanisms and influencing factors of integrated load-bearing and wave-absorbing composites, the types and properties of common wave-absorbing fillers, and focuses on discussing the research progress and related academic achievements in high-performance wideband wave-absorbing fillers and the design and preparation of integrated structural/wave-absorbing composites. Furthermore, it explores their applications in advanced aviation fields. Finally, the focus is placed on the fundamental research of integrated polymer-based composite materials for carrying and absorbing waves (including electromagnetic metamaterials, topological structures, etc.) and the key application core technical issues. It points out the current key technical challenges such as the design of high-performance wideband absorbing fillers and the precise forming of complex structures, and proposes the future key development directions from the perspective of 'new materials - new processes - new structures', including the integration of artificial intelligence in material design and multi-scale structural optimization.
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