Research on the impact of structured health education combined with customized nutritional care on the prevention of complications in obese pregnant women during pregnancy
结构化健康宣教联合定制化营养护理对孕期肥胖产妇并发症预防的影响研究

摘要

目的 探讨结构化健康宣教联合定制化营养护理对孕期肥胖产妇并发症预防的效果。方法 选取我院2024年6月至2025年6月孕期肥胖经阴道分娩的产妇64例，按照随机数字表法分为实验组和对照组，每组各32例。实验组实施结构化健康宣教联合定制化营养护理，对照组实施常规护理干预。比较两组产妇的一般资料差异并分析干预前后营养指标、身体成分指标、日常生活能力及生活质量、并发症发生率等。结果 1.干预后实验组的营养指标显著优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（p<0.05）；实验组的TSF值显著下降。2. 实验组体成分指标与对照组相比均更接近正常水平，差异有统计学意义（p<0.05）。3. 实验组日常生活能力及生活质量干预后显著提升，优于对照组；4. 实验组产后并发症发生率显著低于对照组。结论 结构化健康宣教联合定制化营养护理显著改善了孕期肥胖产妇的营养状态和体成分指标，提高了其日常生活能力及生活质量，并有效降低了并发症的发生率，具有良好的临床应用价值。建议在妊娠期肥胖产妇护理中推广应用。

Abstract

Objective To explore the effect of structured health education combined with customized nutritional care on the prevention of complications in obese pregnant women during pregnancy.
Methods Sixty-four pregnant women who were obese and delivered vaginally in our hospital from June 2024 to June 2025 were selected and divided into the experimental group and the control group according to the random number table method, with 32 cases in each group. The experimental group received structured health education combined with customized nutritional care, while the control group received routine nursing intervention. Compare the general data differences between the two groups of parturients and analyze the nutritional indicators, body composition indicators, activities of daily living, quality of life, and incidence of complications before and after the intervention.
Results 1: After the intervention, the nutritional indicators of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The TSF value of the experimental group decreased significantly. The body composition indicators of the experimental group were all closer to the normal levels compared with those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). 3. The daily living ability and quality of life of the experimental group were significantly improved after the intervention, which was better than those of the control group. 4. The incidence of postpartum complications in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group.
Conclusion   Structured health education combined with customized nutritional care significantly improved the nutritional status and body composition indicators of obese pregnant women during pregnancy, enhanced their daily living ability and quality of life, and effectively reduced the incidence of complications. It has good clinical application value. It is recommended to promote and apply it in the nursing of obese pregnant women during pregnancy.