International Journal of Clinical Research
International Journal of Clinical Research. 2025; 9: (8) ; 10.12208/j.ijcr.20250383 .
总浏览量: 66
民政职业大学老年福祉学院 北京
*通讯作者： 李佳鑫,单位：民政职业大学老年福祉学院 北京；
超重与肥胖已成为全球心血管疾病的重要独立危险因素，其通过多途径、多机制影响心血管系统。现代医学研究表明，肥胖导致循环血量增加，血压升高，长期增加心脏负担，最终导致心力衰竭。脂肪组织分泌的炎症因子促进心肌细胞纤维化；心外膜脂肪组织异常沉积，通过旁分泌作用释放促炎因子，损伤血管内皮功能，加速动脉粥样硬化斑块形成。除此之外，肥胖患者肠道菌群失调（如具核梭杆菌过度增殖）与代谢紊乱密切相关，菌群代谢产物可诱导慢性低度炎症，促进心血管病变。中医理论认为，肥胖病机为脾气虚弱，饮食不节、久坐少动等原因致脾胃运化失司，水湿内停化为痰浊，瘀阻心脉。本篇综述阐述了超重与肥胖相关的心血管疾病的中西医发病机制，以期为超重与肥胖个体提供有效的预防与治疗依据。
Objective Overweight and obesity have become important independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases worldwide, affecting the cardiovascular system through multiple pathways and mechanisms. Modern medical research shows that obesity leads to an increase in circulating blood volume, elevated blood pressure, and a long-term increase in the burden on the heart, eventually resulting in heart failure. Inflammatory factors secreted by adipose tissue promote myocardial cell fibrosis. Abnormal deposition of epicardial adipose tissue releases pro-inflammatory factors through paracrine action, impairs vascular endothelial function, and accelerates the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. In addition, the imbalance of intestinal flora in obese patients (such as excessive proliferation of Fusobacterium nucleatum) is closely related to metabolic disorders. The metabolic products of the flora can induce chronic low-grade inflammation and promote cardiovascular diseases. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, the pathogenesis of obesity is due to weak spleen qi. Factors such as irregular diet and prolonged sitting with little movement cause the spleen and stomach to lose their ability to transform and transport, leading to internal retention of water and dampness and the transformation into phlegm and turbidity, with blood stasis blocking the heart meridian. This review expounds the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases related to overweight and obesity in both traditional Chinese and Western medicine, with the aim of providing effective prevention and treatment basis for overweight and obese individuals.
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