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国际临床研究杂志

International Journal of Clinical Research

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International Journal of Clinical Research. 2025; 9: (10) ; 10.12208/j.ijcr.20250463 .

The anti-aging mechanism of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and its application effect and prospects in aging-related diseases
烟酰胺单核苷酸（NMN）的抗衰老机制及在衰老相关疾病中的应用效果与前景

作者： 刘强1,2,3, 崔慧林1, 刘丽1,3, 张鹏4, 刘华倩1,3 *

1　华颜干细胞技术（陕西）有限公司 陕西西安
2　西北大学附属安琪儿妇产医院 陕西西安
3　陕西华颜医生集团有限公司 陕西西安
4　空军军医大学第一附属医院皮肤科 陕西西安

*通讯作者： 刘华倩,单位：　华颜干细胞技术（陕西）有限公司 陕西西安　陕西华颜医生集团有限公司 陕西西安；

引用本文: 刘强, 崔慧林, 刘丽, 张鹏, 刘华倩 烟酰胺单核苷酸（NMN）的抗衰老机制及在衰老相关疾病中的应用效果与前景[J]. 国际临床研究杂志, 2025; 9: (10) : １-９.
Published: 2025/10/17 11:15:47

摘要

随着全球人口老龄化的加剧，健康长寿和预防、控制与年龄相关的疾病成为人们关注的热点。近年来，烟酰胺单核苷酸（nicotinamide mononucleotide，NMN）作为烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide，NAD+）的前体物质，因其抗衰老潜力而备受关注。本文综述了NMN的抗衰老作用和分子机制，阐述了NMN在DNA损伤修复、线粒体功能调节、炎症反应平衡、肠道菌群重塑、自噬通路激活等核心衰老机制，以及通过多靶点协同作用延缓衰老的分子机制。此外，关于NMN应用的种族差异、男性及女性最佳成份组合，以及年龄分层的剂量模型等，需进一步研发。本篇综述为NMN的转化研究和精准抗衰老策略提供了理论基础，并阐述了在心脑血管、神经系统、内分泌、生殖泌尿及恶性肿瘤等与衰老相关疾病的干预效果，提示NMN是具有广泛前景的、非化学药物的抗衰老生物制剂。

关键词： 烟酰胺单核苷酸；烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸；抗衰老；衰老相关疾病；长寿

Abstract

With the intensification of global population aging, health longevity and the prevention, control and treatment of age-related diseases have become the focus of people's attention. In recent years, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), as a precursor substance of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), has attracted much attention due to its anti-aging potential. This article reviews the anti-aging effects and molecular mechanisms of NMN, elaborates on its roles and mechanisms in core aging processes such as DNA damage repair, mitochondrial function regulation, inflammatory response balance, intestinal microbiota remodeling, and activation of autophagy pathways, as well as the molecular mechanism of delaying aging through multi-target synergy. Moreover, further research is needed on the racial differences in the application of NMN, the optimal component combinations for men and women, and dose models stratified by age. This review provides a theoretical basis for the translational research of NMN and precise anti-aging strategies, and elaborates on its intervention effects in diseases related to aging such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, nervous system, endocrine, reproductive and urinary systems, and malignant tumors, suggesting that NMN is a promising non-chemical drug-based anti-aging biological agent with broad prospects.

Key words： Nicotinamide mononucleotide; Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; Anti-aging; Aging-related diseases; Longevity

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