Research on sensorless high-precision control technology for magnetic bearing
磁悬浮轴承的无传感器高精度控制技术研究

摘要

磁悬浮轴承作为先进的非接触式支承技术，在多领域应用广泛。其控制核心在于对转子位移的精准检测，传统电涡流传感器虽常用，但限制转速、增加系统复杂度与故障风险。为突破局限，无传感器位移检测技术兴起，通过测量电磁线圈电信号结合系统动力学模型推算转子位置。磁轴承系统强非线性、受随机干扰且对实时控制要求高。卡尔曼滤波等算法为解决这些问题提供途径，通过预测 - 更新 机制融合模型预测与观测数据实现最优状态估计。本文深入研究磁悬浮轴承无传感器高精度控制技术，旨在提升其性能与应用范围。

Abstract

As an advanced non-contact support technology, magnetic bearings have been widely applied across multiple fields. The core of their control lies in precise detection of rotor displacement. Although traditional eddy current sensors are commonly used, they impose limitations on rotational speed, increase system complexity, and raise failure risks. To overcome these constraints, sensorless displacement detection technology has emerged, which estimates rotor position by measuring electromagnetic coil signals and applying system dynamics models. Magnetic bearing systems exhibit strong nonlinearity, random disturbances, and high demands for real-time control. Algorithms such as Kalman filtering provide solutions by integrating model predictions with observed data through a "predict-update" mechanism to achieve optimal state estimation. This paper conducts an in-depth study on sensorless high-precision control technology for magnetic bearings, aiming to enhance their performance and application scope.