Study on the status of invasive alien plants in Weng 'an county, Qiannan prefecture, Guizhou province
贵州省黔南州瓮安县外来入侵植物入侵现状研究

摘要

目的 为探究贵州外来入侵物种发生情况和危害程度以及导致其扩散因素有哪些，为未来进一步防治提供理论基础数据和理论依据。方法 笔者以贵州省黔南州瓮安县为例，调查分析了全县11个乡镇2个街道办事处的外来入侵植物的入侵现状，以及人为干扰因素对外来入侵植物种数的潜在影响，对比了县域内自然保护地等重点区域和普通区域的外来入侵植物种类数的差异。结果 研究结果如下：全县区域内共有外来入侵植物93种，分属31科，71属，其中，恶性入侵类和严重入侵类共计占比42.39%；外来入侵植物生境偏好度最高的为森林生态系统，占比25%；外来入侵植物种的原产地信息方面，65%的外来入侵植物原产地来自于热带美洲；传入原因方面，起初作为观赏绿化植物引入的比例最高达到42%；外来入侵植物种数分别与乡镇街道人口数和全域海拔呈显著正相关关系和显著负相关关系。结论 人类活动因素正在显著影响着外来入侵种的传播和扩散；对比县域内所有林场保护地、自然公园等外来入侵植物种数和普通区域的种数的发生强度状况，两者间差异不显著，即使是自然保护地等重点区域随着人流频繁活动也同样遭受了外来入侵植物的侵害。综上所述，应采取相应措施限制和阻止县域内的外来入侵植物的侵害，及时监控防止外来入侵种植物的进一步扩散。

Abstract

Objective To explore the occurrence and harm degree of alien invasive species in Guizhou and the factors leading to their spread, and to provide theoretical data and basis for further prevention and control in the future.
Methods Taking Weng 'an County, Qiannan Prefecture, Guizhou Province as an example, the author investigated and analyzed the invasive status of alien invasive plants in 2 sub-district offices in 11 townships and towns of the county, as well as the potential impact of human disturbance factors on the number of alien invasive plant species, and compared the difference in the number of alien invasive plant species in key areas such as natural protection areas and common areas in the county.
Results The results were as follows: There were 93 species of invasive alien plants in the county, belonging to 71 genera and 31 families, among which 42.39% were malignant invasive species and severe invasive species. Forest ecosystem had the highest habitat preference for invasive alien plants, accounting for 25%. In terms of the origin information of invasive alien plants, 65% of invasive alien plants originated from tropical America. In terms of introduction reasons, the highest proportion of ornamental green plants introduced was 42%. There were significant positive and negative correlations between the number of invasive alien plant species and the population of township street and the global elevation, respectively.
Conclusion   Human activity factors are significantly affecting the spread and diffusion of alien invasive species. There was no significant difference between the occurrence intensity of species of invasive plants in all forest farm protected areas, nature parks and common areas in the county. Even key areas such as protected areas also suffered from invasive plants with frequent human flow activities. In summary, corresponding measures should be taken to limit and prevent the invasion of foreign invasive plants in the county, and timely monitor and prevent the further spread of foreign invasive plants.